Cytotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles on Ruellia tuberosa: Photocatalytic degradation properties against crystal violet and coomassie brilliant blue

Abstract

In the last few decades, nanotechnology-based approaches are emerging in biomedical and environmental applications, which include antimicrobial, anticancer, and photocatalytic applications. Green synthesis is advantageous than the conventional methods since it is environmentally friendly, economically viable and convenient to scale up for commercial production. The present study is aimed to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Ruellia tuberosa leaf extract. AgNPs was analyzed using UV–visible spectroscopy, FT-IR, FESEM, EDAX, TEM, SAED and DLS analyses.SPR absorbance spectrum of the AgNPs was witnessed at 455 nm. Morphological characterization using AgNPs using FE-SEM with EDX, TEM with SAED and DLS analysis showed that the nanoparticles are in spherical shape with an average size of 55.65 nm. Further, antimicrobial activity of the green fabricated AgNPs was tested against Gram negative and Gram positive bacterial pathogens, which exhibited potential bactericidal activity. Also, the cytotoxic activity of AgNPs in A549 lung cancer cell line showed activity at the IC50 of 68 μg/mL as revealed by MTT assay. Further, apoptosis of A549 cells treated with AgNPs were analyzed by fluorescence microscopy. The photocatalytic degradation of AgNPs was assessed against crystal violet (CV) and Coomassie brilliant blue (CBB). Above-mentioned findings clearly demonstrate that AgNPs exhibited photocatalytic degradation and biomedical application.