Cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of Poly(maleic anhydride-co-vinyl acetate) drug carrier copolymer on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells

Abstract

In recent years, copolymers are frequently used in many areas. The biocompatibility of any copolymer should be examined for practical application. One of these copolymers is Poly [(maleic anhydride) -co- (vinyl acetate)] (MAVA), and the usage area of MAVA is quite limited. In this study, the cytotoxic effect of MAVA on MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells was determined by MTT (3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), and apoptotic cells are marked with DAPI staining. For this purpose, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells were incubated with different concentrations of MAVA (1, 10, 50, 80, 100, 200, 300, 500, 800, and 1000 μM) for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. IC50 values (concentration of the test compound to achieve 50% of cell death ) of MAVA in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells were determined (n=9). According to our results, it was observed that MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells increased 24 h and 48 h after MAVA application compared to the control group and no significant change was observed after 72 h MAVA application. In MCF-7 cells, a significant decrease was observed 24 h and 48 h after MAVA application compared to control, and no significant changes was observed after 72 hours similar to MDA-MB-231. DAPI staining showed that more apoptotic cells were found among the MCF-7 cells decreased, MDA-MB-231 cells after MAVA application at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h. Despite the viability of MCF-7 cells decreased, MDA-MB-231 cell viability increased at 24 h and 48 h after MAVA application. therefore it could be suggested that MAVA showed a selective cytotoxic effect between MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells.