Abstract
Cytokine and chemokine receptors can promote tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis development by inducing different intracellular signaling pathways. The aim of this study was to determine the cytokine and chemokine receptor gene expression patterns in human melanoma cell lines. We found a large set of cytokine and chemokine receptor genes that were significantly differentially expressed between melanoma cell lines that originated from different subtypes of primary melanomas as well as cell lines that originated from melanoma metastases. The relative expressions of two receptor genes (CCR2 and TNFRSF11B) were positively correlated with the invasive potential of the cell lines, whereas a negative correlation was observed for the TNFRSF14 gene expression. We also found a small set of receptor genes that exhibited a significantly decreased expression in association with a BRAFV600E mutation. Based on our results, we assume that the analyzed cytokine and chemokine receptor collection may provide potential to distinguish the different subtypes of melanomas, helping us to understand the biological behavior of BRAFV600E-mutated melanoma cells.
Highlights
The signaling network between cells is essential for communication and regulation and can be facilitated by the interaction of cell surface receptors with secreted ligands [1]
The expression of 13 interleukin receptor genes, five tumor necrosis factor receptor genes, and five chemokine receptor genes was significantly different between the superficial spreading melanoma (SSM)- and nodular melanoma (NM)-originated primary melanoma cell lines (p < 0.05)
Most of the receptor genes were significantly downregulated in the cell lines that originated from the NM subtype
Summary
The signaling network between cells is essential for communication and regulation and can be facilitated by the interaction of cell surface receptors with secreted ligands [1]. Cytokines and chemotactic cytokines (chemokines) are soluble extracellular proteins that are integral parts of the signaling network among cells and can influence growth, development, hematopoiesis, lymphocyte recruitment, inflammation, and regulation of the immune system by binding to specific receptors [2]. Chemokines are low-molecular-weight proteins that are able to regulate immune cell recruitment as well as tumor cell proliferation, invasiveness, and metastasis [6,7]. Their receptors are seven transmembrane domain G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which are categorized based on their chemokine ligands (CC, CXC, CX3C, and XC families). Chemokine receptors can be activated by other types of chemokine ligands, whereas chemokines can bind to multiple receptors [2,6]
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