Abstract
Polydopamine (PDA)-coated magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with mono-6-thio-β-cyclodextrin (SH-βCD) were obtained and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Nuclear and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (NMR and MRI), and doxorubicin (DOXO)-loading experiments. The liver cancer cellular internalization of DOXO-loaded nanoparticles was investigated by confocal imaging microscopy. Synthesized nanomaterials bearing a chemotherapeutic drug and a layer of polydopamine capable of absorbing near-infrared light show high performance in the combined chemo- and photothermal therapy (CT-PTT) of liver cancer due to the synergistic effect of both modalities as demonstrated in vitro. Moreover, our material exhibits improved T2 contrast properties, which have been verified using Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill pulse sequence and MRI Spin-Echo imaging of the nanoparticles dispersed in the agarose gel phantoms. Therefore, the presented results cast new light on the preparation of polydopamine-based magnetic theranostic nanomaterials, as well as on the proper methodology for investigation of magnetic nanoparticles in high field MRI experiments. The prepared material is a robust theranostic nanoasystem with great potential in nanomedicine.
Highlights
The development of nanotechnology has enabled a breakthrough in the synthesis of modern drug nanocarriers
We have applied the Fe3O4@PDA@SH-βCD nanoparticles loaded with doxorubicin in combined chemo- and photothermal therapy
Polydopamine-coated magnetic nanoparticles modified with 6-thio-β-cyclodextrin were prepared and investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), SQUID, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and MRI
Summary
The development of nanotechnology has enabled a breakthrough in the synthesis of modern drug nanocarriers. The use of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as a base for theranostic nanomaterials has multiple advantages over other types of nanomaterials. First of all, they can be used as contrast agents in MRI [18,19,20]. PDA-coated magnetic nanomaterials have been used in the thermal ablation of cancer due to the intrinsic photothermal properties of PDA [32,33,34]. Such an approach towards cancer treatment seems to work quite effectively, there are still some drawbacks of photothermal therapy (PTT). The potential applications as an MRI contrast agent have not yet been explored
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