Abstract
Abstract. The Fuego de Colima volcano (Mexico) shows a complex eruptive behavior, with periods of rapid and slow lava dome growth punctuated by explosive activity. We reconstructed the weekly discharge rate average between 1998 and 2018 by means of satellite thermal data integrated with published discharge rate data. By using spectral and wavelet analysis, we found a multiyear long-term, multi-month intermediate-term, and multi-week short-term cyclic behavior during the period of the investigated eruptive activity like that of many other dome-forming volcanoes. We use numerical modeling in order to investigate the nonlinear cyclic eruptive behavior considering a magma feeding system composed of a dual or a single magma chamber connected to the surface through an elastic dyke developing into a cylinder conduit in the shallowest part. We investigated cases in which the periodicity is controlled by (i) the coupled deep–shallow magma reservoirs, (ii) the single shallow chamber, and (iii) the elastic shallow dyke when it is fed by a fixed influx rate or constant pressure. Due to the limitations of the current modeling approach, there is no single configuration that can reproduce all the periodicities on the three different timescales. The model outputs indicate that the observed multiyear periodicity (1.5–2.5 years) can be described by the fluctuations controlled by a shallow magma chamber with a volume of 20–50 km3 coupled with a deep reservoir of ca. 500 km3, connected through a deep elastic dyke. The multi-month periodicity (ca. 5–10 months) appears to be controlled by the shallow magma chamber for the same range of volumes. The short-term multi-week periodicity (ca. 2.5–5 weeks) can be reproduced considering a fixed influx rate or constant pressure at the base of the shallower dyke. This work provides new insights on the nonlinear cyclic behavior of Fuego de Colima and a general framework for comprehension of the eruptive behavior of andesitic volcanoes.
Highlights
Lava-dome-forming eruptions are relatively long-lived events, lasting from several months to several decades (e.g., Merapi, Indonesia, Siswowidjoyo et al, 1995; Kelut, Indonesia, De Bèliaz et al, 2012; Fuego de Colima, Mexico, Lamb et al, 2014; Santiaguito, Guatemala, Harris et al, 2003), and are usually punctuated by dome collapses and explosive (Vulcanian) episodes
In order to reproduce the observed fluctuations in discharge rates recorded in some periods of the 1998–2018 eruption activity, we considered a discharge rate regime in which the period of pulsations is controlled by the elasticity of the shallow dyke and a discharge rate regime in which the periodicity is controlled by the volume of the single or dual magma chamber(s) (Barmin et al, 2002; Melnik and Sparks, 2005; Costa et al, 2007a; Melnik and Costa, 2014)
The coupling of wavelet analysis and numerical modeling allowed us to decipher the eruptive behavior of Fuego de Colima in the period 1998–2018, as revealed by satellite thermal data
Summary
Lava-dome-forming eruptions are relatively long-lived events, lasting from several months to several decades (e.g., Merapi, Indonesia, Siswowidjoyo et al, 1995; Kelut, Indonesia, De Bèliaz et al, 2012; Fuego de Colima, Mexico, Lamb et al, 2014; Santiaguito, Guatemala, Harris et al, 2003), and are usually punctuated by dome collapses and explosive (Vulcanian) episodes. Periodicity in eruption parameters can be complex, showing systematic or nonsystematic temporal changes as the eruption progresses (Denlinger and Hoblitt, 1999; Costa et al, 2007a; Melnik et al, 2009; Bernstein et al, 2013; Wolpert et al, 2016), and can be characterized by short-, intermediate-, and long-term
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