Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the cycle duration in days and the quantitative parameters, i.e. stem length, spike length and stem diameter of gladiolus floral stems as a function of the planting date and locations in the Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil. Field experiments were established between 2014-2015 in three locations (Frederico Westphalen, Itaqui and Santa Maria). The experimental design was a complete randomized block, with six gladiolus cultivars in three distinct planting dates at each location as treatments. The shift from vegetative to reproductive stage, the stem length, spike length and stem diameter were evaluated. Data was statistically analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey test. When planted during late July and early August, cultivars of early cycle(‘Purple Flora’, ‘Rose Friendship’ and ‘White Friendship’) and intermediate cycle (‘Green Star’ and ‘Jester’), produced floral stems of gladiolus in the desired patterns besides as well as having a shorter growth cycle than late cultivars (‘Gold Field’), being recommended for commercial cultivation in Southern Brazil.
Highlights
Gladiolus (Gladiolus x grandiflorus Hort.), is an ornamental crop with spike-like inflorescences (STRECK et al, 2012; SCHWAB et al, 2015a)
The colors most acceptable to consumers are white (40%), red (25%), yellow (12%), rose (10%), coral (10%) and purple (10%) (TOMBOLATO et al, 2010). It ranks eighth in the world flower trade (AHMAD et al, 2008) and in Brazil the majority of gladiolus sales occurs at All Soul's Day (SCHWAB et al, 2015b)
Plants are capable of tolerating temperatures up to 50 °C during the vegetative development (LIM, 2014; SHILLO and HAVELY, 1976c) and florets can be damaged by frost (SCHWAB et al, 2015b)
Summary
Gladiolus (Gladiolus x grandiflorus Hort.), is an ornamental crop with spike-like inflorescences (floral stems) (STRECK et al, 2012; SCHWAB et al, 2015a). The colors most acceptable to consumers are white (40%), red (25%), yellow (12%), rose (10%), coral (10%) and purple (10%) (TOMBOLATO et al, 2010) It ranks eighth in the world flower trade (AHMAD et al, 2008) and in Brazil the majority of gladiolus sales occurs at All Soul's Day (SCHWAB et al, 2015b). Plants are capable of tolerating temperatures up to 50 °C during the vegetative development (LIM, 2014; SHILLO and HAVELY, 1976c) and florets can be damaged by frost (SCHWAB et al, 2015b) Other environmental variables such as air humidity and light intensity may influence gladiolus growth and
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