CyanoEmerald: A phytoengineered tin nanocatalyst for sustainable dye degradation applications

The potential application of tin oxide nanoparticles in the photocatalytic degradation of toxic dyes has been investigated. In the present work, we have synthesized tin oxide nanoparticles by reducing tin chloride precursor, adding sodium borohydride under a controlled pH pathway. The synthesized nanoparticle was characterized by a UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, Fourier Transfer Infra-Red (FT-IR), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-ray Crystallography. On solving Debey-Scherrer’s equation, the average size of the particle is found to be 41.28 ± 14.59 nm with a crystallinity of 85.52%. The photocatalytic degradation is achieved by the average solar radiation of 5.64 ± 0.14 kWh/m2/day. The result reveals that complete degradation in light is obtained in 120 minutes, whereas in dark it is prolonged up to 300 minutes. The SnO2 NPs show 100% photocatalytic efficiency in the short time frame, but dark medium catalysis was limited to 68%. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of SnO2 NPs is found to be superior to its catalytic degradation in the dark. The catalysis obeys pseudo-first-order kinetics with a high-rate constant. The mineralization process confirms the de-toxification of dye, which explores the application of SnO2 NPs as a potential catalyst. Our finding claims that tin oxide nanoparticles are efficient in solar-driven photocatalytic degradation of alizarin dye in a short period.

Green resource synthesis is a sustainable, economical, and environmentally benign process that produces no pollutants. Plant-based nanoparticles have a lower toxicity level. Because aloe vera contains bioactive chemicals such flavonoids, phenol, alkaloids, saponins, and others, it can operate as a reducing agent to reduce metal ions. As reducing agents, these substances are therefore essential to the formation of metal nanoparticles. When these nanoparticles are heated, they can transform into the corresponding metal oxides. This article describes the synthesis of tin (IV) oxide nanoparticles using aloe vera gel and their structural characteristics. The antibacterial ability of the produced nanoparticles was then evaluated by testing them against Gram-positive bacteria like Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus as well as Gram-negative bacteria like Shigella flexneri, Salmonella typhi, and Escherichia coli. This study shows the effectiveness and dependability of green synthesis techniques that use Aloe vera gel rather than the chemical-based approaches that have been used up to this point to create nanoparticles. It is less likely to fail and has a high biological activity. Thus, they are precious for applications in environmental and healthcare fields and industries. This highlights the advantages of developing sustainable materials through green synthesis routes and their wide range of applications.

Green chemical approach towards the synthesis of SnO2 NPs in argument with photocatalytic degradation of diazo dye and its kinetic studies

Photoantioxidant studies of SnO2 nanoparticles fabricated using aqueous leaf extract of Tradescantia spathacea

In this study, tin oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles was synthesized via green synthetic route using Psidium guajava (Guava) leaf extract as reducing, capping and stabilizing agents. The synthesized SnO2 NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-visible spectroscopy. The XRD analysis revealed that synthesized SnO2 nanoparticles have tetragonal rutile structure, and the particle size was found to be 19.5 nm estimated by using Debye-Scherer’s equation. In addition, the average particle size calculated by using Williamson-Hall plot method was found to be 21.5 nm. The FTIR spectra reveals hydroxyl, alkyl, alkane, amide and hydroxyl tin group as a functional group. UV-Visible absorption spectra were found to be 270 nm, and its corresponding band gap energy was found to be 3.88 eV. Moreover, the antimicrobial activities of different concentrations of SnO2 NPs using Psidium guajava leaf extract were also tested. Accordingly, the result showed that the highest zone of inhibitions was measured for SnO2 NPs using 30mg/mL solution concentration and observed to be 18mm, 21mm and 20mm for S. aereus, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae respectively. As synthesized SnO2 NPs also showed significant antioxidant efficacy against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical.

Biosynthesis of vitamin C stabilized tin oxide nanoparticles and their effect on body weight loss in neonatal rats

ZnO nanospheres based simple hydrothermal route for photocatalytic degradation of azo dye.

Nanotechnology has become the most promising area of research with its momentous application in all fields of science. In recent years, tin oxide has received tremendous attention due to its fascinating properties, which have been improved with the synthesis of this material in the nanometer range. Numerous physical and chemical methods are being used these days to produce tin oxide nanoparticles. However, these methods are expensive, require high energy, and also utilize various toxic chemicals during the synthesis. The increased concerns related to human health and environmental impact have led to the development of a cost-effective and environmentally benign process for its production. Recently, tin oxide nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized by green methods using different biological entities such as plant extract, bacteria, and natural biomolecules. However, industrial-scale production using green synthesis approaches remains a challenge due to the complexity of the biological substrates that poses a difficulty to the elucidations of the reactions and mechanism of formations that occur during the synthesis. Hence, the present review summarizes the different sources of biological entities and methodologies used for the green synthesis of tin oxide nanoparticles and the impact on their properties. This work also describes the advances in the understanding of the mechanism of formation reported in the literature and the different analytical techniques used for characterizing these nanoparticles.

Introduction: An eco-friendly method was reported for the synthesis of ferric oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) and Fe2O3/ZnO nanocomposite using Mangifera indica plant leaf extract as a natural reducing agent. Methods: The synthesized nanomaterials were successfully characterized by X-ray diffraction, UVvisible spectrophotometer, Photoluminescence spectroscopy and Transmission electron microscopy. The obtained XRD spectrums revealed the crystalline nature of synthesized materials and the average diameters of Fe2O3 nanoparticles, ZnO nanoparticles and Fe2O3/ZnO nanocomposite came out to be 11.33 nm, 14.31 nm and 9.80 nm, respectively. The UV-visible absorbance spectra and photoluminescence spectrums confirmed that the Fe2O3/ZnO nanocomposite was visible light active and had excitation peaks in the visible range. Results: The TEM analysis confirmed the composite and semiconductor nature of the synthesized Fe2O3/ZnO nanocomposite. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity of Fe2O3/ZnO nanocomposite reaches about 91.07% degradation of methyl orange dye within a time period of 150 min at an optimized catalyst dose. Adsorption isotherm and kinetic study were also applied to validate the study. Conclusion:: It was found that there was monolayer adsorption of methyl orange dye molecules on the surface of the synthesized catalyst under optimized experimental conditions and also, the adsorption process follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

Eco-friendly synthesis of tin oxide nanoparticles: A novel strategy for managing early blight and soft rot in tomato crops

24 - Mechanistic aspects and rate-limiting steps in green synthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles and their potential in photocatalytic degradation of textile dye

Green synthesis of tin oxide nanoparticles by using leaves extract of Chromolaena Odorata: The effect of different thermal calcination temperature to the energy band gap

Facile synthesis of spherical nano hydroxyapatite and its application in photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange dye under UV irradiation

Facile hydrothermal-carbonization preparation of carbon-modified Sb2S3 composites for photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange dyes

Synthesis and Characterization of Fly Ash Modified Copper Oxide (FA/CuO) for Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange Dye