Customs and Illegal Trade: Old Game - New Rules

Abstract

Globalization is an opportunity and a threat to international trade. Lower trade barriers, tariffs and protective measures and the evolution of technology, communication and logistics have been extremely beneficial for many countries and their businesses, however these fruits of globalization are also being actively used by criminals. Moreover, in a globalized world some types of criminals have become not solely a challenge to the authority of a particular state, but a threat to the global community as a whole. In order to tackle this ever evolving transboundary threat, the work of specialized agencies has proven to be insufficient. There is a growing need for cooperation and exchange of information on all levels, as well as a totally different operational approach. This article offers an analysis of the phenomenon of illegal trade and the ways in which Customs authorities deal with this global challenge. Apart from the literature review, a critical analysis of the context in which illegal trade has evolved as well as challenges for Customs are provided. The strategic positioning of Customs authorities in the global policy dialogue on illegal trade along with other recent developments such as globalization of enforcement and burden-sharing with other actors provide for some optimism when looking into the future of the global enforcement against illegal trade.