Current Status and Approaches in Healthcare Electronics

Current status specifiers for patients at clinical high risk for psychosis

Research comparing patient and caregiver perceptions suggests that caregivers tend to be negatively biased in their assessment of patients. That is, they are more likely to judge the patients' status more negatively than the patients themselves. The data analyses, however, have not always been as informative about the extent of disagreement. Our data on the extent to which patients who had a myocardial infarction and their nurses' assessments differed suggest that, in the case of the patients' current status, there were no differences in the aggregate between patients' and nurses' assessments. Examination of the discrepancies between the pairs, however, suggests that in some cases nurses are more negative in their assessments than their patients. In the case of beliefs about the future, nurses were significantly more negative, in the aggregate, than patients, and the extent of this difference is further elaborated in the examination of the discrepancies. Nevertheless, with respect to both current and future status, the correlations between patients and nurses were low, indicating little, if any, shared variation. Because this study did not examine the relationship between either patients' or nurses' perceptions of recovery status, and the patients' actual recovery status, further research is needed to further determine the implications of this work. The meaning of these results for clinical nurse specialists (CNS) is discussed.

The Endangered Hog Deer Axis porcinus has experienced drastic population declines throughout its geographical range. There is limited knowledge of its current population status, particularly from northeastern India. In this study the population density of Hog Deer was assessed in Manas National Park, which was a deer stronghold prior to the armed conflict that lasted for almost two decades, resulting in depressed deer populations. With the cessation of conflict, efforts were invested by both government and conservation organisations for the recovery and conservation of charismatic fauna in the park. Studies on Hog Deer populations, however, were lacking and thus reliable information on current status is unavailable. Current population status and threats faced by Hog Deer were assessed to aid informed conservation decisions. Distance sampling techniques (line transects) were applied in the grassland habitat during the dry season of two consecutive years. The estimated Hog Deer density was 18.22±3.32 km-2. The potential threats to Hog Deer identified in Manas include habitat loss, habitat degradation due to spread of invasive plant species, illegal hunting, and other anthropogenic disturbances. Our study suggests that the Hog Deer population, though reviving, needs immediate conservation attention.

Immigrants' employment is linked with health care access in the US, but we lack a thorough understanding of how immigrants' experiences of employment exclusions influence their health care access in the context of immigrant racialization. We aimed to assess employment exclusions (i.e., exclusions from jobs and violations at work) across Asian and Latine foreign-born adults, the two largest immigrant racial groups, and their associations with health care access. We also sought to understand variations by race, and current or past legal status. We used 2018-2020 Research on Immigrant Health and State Policy survey data from 2,010 Latine and Asian foreign-born adults in California. We measured seven indicators of employment exclusions and used weighted logistic regression to estimate associations between employment exclusions and health care access: usual source of care and delaying care in the past 12 months. We tested race, current legal status and past legal status as moderators. Nearly one-quarter (23.8%) of respondents reported ≥1 employment exclusion. Latine racial identity, current status as a non-citizen without permanent residency, and being previously undocumented was associated with greater employment exclusions. Employment exclusions were associated with 1.47 times (95% CI: 1.27, 1.69) greater odds of delaying care. Previous undocumented status, but not race or current legal status, moderated associations between violations at work and delay in care. Latine immigrants face a greater number of barriers to employment opportunities and protections of worker rights compared to Asians, while employment exclusions and past legal status drives poorer health care utilization.

Introduction: Providing the nutritional requirements of agricultural crops by non-chemical resources is a new approach in the organic farming that has attracted the attention of both the researchers and the consumers in recent years. Therefore, it is highly important to find new fertilizer resources that are both economically able to provide the nutritional needs of the crop plants and have no adverse effects on the consumers and the environment. Materials and Methods: With this approach, an experiment was conducted in the research station of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran in 2012-13. The experimental design was factorial based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The treatments including Mycorrhizal fungi in three levels (i.e. no use of strain; use of Glomus intraradices strain; and use of Glomus mosseae strain), bacteria Azospirillum lipoferum in two-levels (i.e. non-inoculated and inoculated) and wheat cultivars in three levels (i.e. Chamran; Dena; and Behrang). The measured parameters include the concentration of macronutrients (i.e. nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) and some micronutrients (i.e. zinc, iron and manganese) in two part seed and the root of wheat. Results and Discussion: Surveying the elements content in the root and the grain indicated a significant and positive effect of the use the Azospirillum and Mycorrhiza to improve the concentration of the elements in wheat cultivars. However, the simultaneous use of these microorganisms led to an increase of the effects of their application on their assessed traits.Finally the highest concentration of N (2.21 present), P (0.50 present) and Fe (33.88 mg.kg-1) were observed in the grain; the highest concentration of K (0.93 present and 0.54 present) and Mn (43.11 and 23.63 mg.kg-1) were observed in the grain and root, respectively. Moreover, the highest concentration of Zn in the root (19.70 mg.kg-1) was obtained from inoculation of C.V Dena seeds with Azospirillum and the use of G. mosseae. Also, in the general case of Mycorrhiza fungi use (between 6 to 20 present) and seed inoculation with Azospirillum lipoferum (between 8 to 25 present), the improved nutrient content in the seeds as well as greatest impact of Mycorrhiza use is in increasing the content of the grain Zn (20 present) and the lowest effect of Mycorrhiza using is in increasing the nitrogen content in seed (6 percent). Considering the elements content in the grain, the use of bacteria also showed that the greatest impact on increasing the use of bacteria Azospirillum lipoferum is in increasing the iron content in seeds (25 present) and the least impact of the use of Azospirillum lipoferum is in increasing the seed’s manganese (8 present). Moreover, the use of Mycorrhiza fungi (between 7 and 23 present) and seed inoculation with Azospirillum lipoferum (4 to 16 present) improved the contents of nutrients in wheat roots compared with the control group. Here, too, the greatest impact for Mycorrhiza application was in increasing the content of the Zn in the root (23 present) and the lowest effect of Mycorrhiza application was in increasing the potassium content in the root (7 percent). Moreover, considering the elements content in the roots in the case of being treated with Azospirillum lipoferum, the results showed that upon increasing the use of bacteria, the greatest impact of Azospirillum lipoferum in increasing elements content in the roots was an increased iron content in the root (16 present) and the minimum effect of the bactericidal application was in increasing the potassium root (4 present). Comparing the two species of Mycorrhizal fungi that have been used in the experiment, although application Glomus intraradices showed satisfactory results, the use of the species Glomus mosseae to increase the content of the element in seeds and roots has had a greater role. Moreover, the combined effects of these microorganisms have not only had an antagonistic effect of reducing the amount of content, they have also been more effective than being applied separately (between 7 and 12 present). Conclusion: Generally associated with most of the measured elements, the treatment of seed inoculation with Azospirillum lipoferum and usage of Glomus mosseae in Dena cultivar that was a durum wheat, showed the highest concentration of the mentioned elements in the roots and seeds. Probably this has been due to the smaller grains in Dena than the other cultivars, which led to an increase in the ratio of the elements in the grain. Therefore, it seems that the use of the biofertilizers can be the perfect solution to eliminate the nutritional requirements of wheat. Moreover, it has the very important effect of the enrichment of this crucial product in the people’s dietary patterns in this country with the required elements. Keywords: Azospirillum, Nutrition, Wheat, Root, Elements concentration, Mycorrhiza

1. Objectives: This clinical study was conducted to understand the differences between Sasang constitutional types and to identify the physical symptoms presentation specific to each Sasang constitutional type. 2. Methods: In this descriptive study, 2,629 subjects (1,061 Taeeum-type, 683 Soeum-type, 885 Soyang-type) were surveyed between Nov 1, 2007 and Jul 31, 2010. The subjective symptoms experienced by the subjects were collected using a Physical Symptoms questionnaire, and the subjects were interviewed by Sasang specialists who determined the subjects' constitutional type. The data (in crude number and percentage) was analyzed on the general characteristics, Sasang constitutional type, and physical symptoms using the SPSS 17.0 software. The symptomatic presentation in men and women were analyzed on Sasang constitutional distribution using the chi-square test. 3. Results: 1) The physical symptoms specific to each Sasang constitutional type were as follows: 'frequent aphthous lesions in the oral cavity', 'lingering fatigue after sleep', 'headache', 'common cold symptoms presenting as loss of appetite or indigestion', and 'physical deterioration presenting as problems with digestion' in the Soeum type; 'physical deterioration presenting as problems in perspiration' and 'swelling and puffiness' in the Taeeum type; and 'excessive forgetfulness' in the Soyang type. 2) The physical symptoms specific to each Sasang constitutional type in men were as follows: 'Unilateral or bilateral headaches, 'frequent aphthous lesions in the oral cavity', 'common cold symptoms presenting as rhinorrhea or nasal congestion', 'common cold symptoms presenting as loss of appetite or indigestion', and 'physical deterioration presenting as problems with digestion' in the Soeum type; and 'swelling and puffiness' in the Taeeum type. 3) The physical symptoms specific to each Sasang constitutional type in women were as follows: 'common cold symptoms presenting as headaches', 'common cold symptoms presenting as loss of appetite or indigestion', 'physical deterioration presenting as problems with digestion' in the Soeum type; and 'pain in knees', 'redness of eyes', 'dryness of mouth', 'common cold symptoms presenting as coughing', 'physical deterioration presenting as problems in perspiration', 'swelling and puffiness' in the Taeeum type. 4. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that physical symptoms present in constitutional type-specific patterns. Understanding of the personal Sasang constitutional type and systematic, personalized healthcare based on constitutional typology is anticipated to contribute to improved health management strategy.

Background: Culture plays an important role in social changes; cultural development is essential for social development. The main objective of this research was to determine the current status and optimal state of cultural development and propose a better paradigm at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. For doing so, eight cultural development components were examined using Georges’ theory. Methods: The statistical population consisted of all 270 employees and managers of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. The participants of the present descriptive study consisted of 160 employees and managers (104 managers and 56 employees) of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. The sample size was chosen via cluster random sampling method calculated by Morgan table. A questionnaire assessing participants’ current and optimal status was completed. The questionnaire’s reliability was confirmed by Cronbach alpha with a coefficient of 90. The content validity of the questionnaire was measured by employees’ opinions. SPSS 16 was used for the statistical analysis. Results: Assessing the effective factors on cultural development indicated that there was a statistically significant difference between current and optimal status (p<0.001) (95% CI: 1.435.00). Results indicated that there is a significant difference in cultural development between current status and optimal state among the staff of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Conclusion: The results of the research show that cultural education in its optimal state is of higher rank than other indicators. Thus it seems necessary to pay more attention to cultural development and sustainable development.

Based on social identity theory, the authors predicted that in ongoing intergroup competition, people’s strength of social identification will have a positive impact on their behavioral efforts on behalf of an ingroup when its current status is low, whereas this will not be the case when its current status is high. In a first experiment, male participants showed the expected pattern of behavior. Female participants, however, tended to display opposite reactions. As a possible explanation, it was argued that the experimental procedure may have inadvertently evoked a gender-based stereotype threat for female participants. In an attempt to obtain more consistent support for their hypothesis, the authors therefore replicated the experiment with modifications to avoid such a threat. These changes proved to be effective in the sense that this time the predicted interaction effect between ingroup identification and current group status was obtained for both male and female participants.

BackgroundThe ability to accurately predict survival in older adults is crucial as it guides clinical decision making. The added value of using various health indicators as well as changes in these indicators for predicting mortality remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether changes in health indicators such as frailty and physical performance improve mortality predictions in old age.MethodsThis is a population based prospective cohort study on 995 community-dwelling people aged 68–92 years from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. Two measurements at a three-year interval (1995/1996 and 1998/1999) were available for the frailty index, frailty phenotype, grip strength, walking speed, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Cox regression was used to analyze mortality risks associated with the current health status and changes in health, with mortality data up to 2017. The extent to which these health indicators improved mortality predictions compared to models with age and sex only was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsThe AUC of age and sex for five-year mortality was 72.8% (95% CI 69.0 – 76.5) and was the lowest in the oldest old (age > 80.5 years). The added AUC of the current status of health indicators ranged from 0.7 to 3.3%. The added AUC of the three-year change was lower, ranging from -0.0 to 1.1%, whereas the added AUC of three-year change and current status combined was similar to current status alone, ranging from 0.6 to 3.2%. Across age, the added AUC of current status was highest in the oldest old, however there was no such pattern using three-year change. Overall, the frailty index appeared to improve mortality predictions the most, followed by the frailty phenotype, MMSE, grip strength, and walking speed.ConclusionsCurrent health status improved mortality predictions better than changes in health. Its contribution was highest in the oldest old, but the added value to models with age and sex only was limited.

With the development of fetal medical imaging and minimal invasive interventional therapy, fetal cardiac intervention has taken into clinical practice in few medical centers.Fetal cardiac therapy may alter the abnormal hemodynamics of fetal circulation, which can lead to recruit hypoplastic ventricle, to create a two-ventricle circulation after birth, to remodel the fetal pulmonary vascular bed whose outlet is obstructed, and to provide a better prognosis for the suffered children.However, according to the limitations and risks of this cutting edge technique, as well as the dilemmas to balance the interests among fetus, mother/parents and doctor/medical institution, ethical challenges never fade away ever since the first beginning in this rising field.Following the encouraging research results published, the risk of the technique has been partly taken control.So in current status, how to balance the interests among three participants and to establish optimal routine clinical practice are the most challenging problems. Key words: Fetal cardiology; Prenatal therapy; Ethics

Objective To investigate the attitude to death of oncology nurses and analysis its influencing factors,so as to provide scientific references and basis for care of the dying patients. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to 309 nurses from Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Military Medical University.The survey was conducted by filling in the electronic questionnaire which powered by sojump.com. The questionnaire was composed with a demographic survey and Chinese version Death Attitude Profile-Revised. Results In the five dimensions of Death Attitude Profile-Revised,the highest factor score was in Approach Acceptance(3.56±0.74),the second was in Escape Acceptance(3.54±0.85) and the lowest was in Natural Acceptance(2.30±0.53).There was a statistically significant difference in the number of years of work in Nautral Acceptance(F value was 3.400, P<0.05).Parents with or without religious beliefs had statistically significant differences in Death of Avoidance(t value was 6.207, P<0.05). Consciously aware that the current physical condition was statistically different from Approach Acceptance and Escape Acceptance(F value was 3.494, 2.606, all P<0.05).Consciously the current psychological status was statistically different in Death Fear and Approach Acceptance and Escape Acceptance(F value was 3.381, 3.125, 3.911, all P<0.05).The situation of talking death in the family was statistically different between Death Fear and Death of Avoidance (F value was 2.899, 2.762, all P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in Death Fear and Death of Avoidance and Death Education (F value was 3.581, 5.336, all P<0.05). Conclusions The attitude to death in 309 oncology nurses is relatively passive.The main influencing factors are work experience and parents with or without religious beliefs and the situation of talking death in the family physiology and psychology conditions,whether or not receive death education. Key words: Attitude to death; Oncology nurse; Influencing factors

Currently, sport is considered an entertainment and leisure industry and includes activities such as athletics, water, and skiing. The influence of a sport event exceeds the event itself, which indicates the importance of a sport facility to the building and construction. A sport facility refers to a facility related to the sport industry, mainly including not only stadiums, swimming pools, and sport centers, but also water parks, ski resorts, and other amusement facilities. At present, there is a lack of comprehensive exploration of integrated building information modeling (BIM) with sport and facilities and performance of applications to help identify potential opportunities to support sustainable development. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the integration of BIM, sport, and facility by revealing the current research status and hotspots in the field, which identifies the development lineage and emerging areas of the research and highlights the development trends and directions for future research towards sustainable development. This paper adopts a quantitative research method to investigate the current research status, hotspots, emerging areas, development trends, and important directions in the integration of BIM, sport, and facilities from macro-quantitative perspectives via bibliometric tools, i.e., VOSviewer and CiteSpace software packages. The main findings of this paper are that the hot keywords on the integration of BIM, sport, and facilities are mainly focused on BIM, facility management, framework, management, sport, construction, and design. Moreover, over the past 26 years (year 1997 to 2022), hot keywords for each year have been revealed through keyword co-occurrence overlay visualization analysis and identified in five schemes, i.e., life cycle assessment, emerging technology, behavior and sport, health and wellbeing, and sustainable built environment. Furthermore, the application of deep learning, IoT, and immersive experience technologies are current hot topics which could provide more innovative breakthroughs for the integration of BIM, sport, and facilities in the future for sustainable development.

Sheet metal forming simulation is widely used for predicting formability and springback behavior of stamping parts. The increasing usage of low formability material such as high-strength steel and aluminum alloy has grown the importance of CAE technologies. JSOL responds to the expanding demand for CAE by developing and providing software JSTAMP (LS-DYNA). This presentation reports the current and development statuses of the practical use of CAE technologies. The current status is described by taking the springback simulation results as the example. The accuracy and the simulation time of springback prediction and springback compensation of the tool is presented. For the development effort, this presentation mentions the result obtained from different yield function to accomplish more accurate simulation, and the approach to optimizing CAE for hot forming. The technical development addressing the application of CAE for CFRP which are expected to become more common material for automobile part is also introduced.

Abstract: As one of the important components of agricultural aviation industry in China, plant protection unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been developed rapidly in recent years. In order to understand the current development status and limitations of plant protection UAV and its spraying technologies in China, the Department of Agricultural Mechanization Management of the Ministry of Agriculture commissioned South China Agricultural University to perform a survey and generate a report on Analysis of the Development Situation and Policy Suggestion for Agricultural Plant Protection UAV in China in 2016. Based on this report, this paper performed statistical analyses on the development and application of plant protection UAV in China. First, the geographical distribution of operating plant protection UAVs in China was discussed. Second, the current status of spraying technologies for plant protection UAVs were reviewed. Key components in aerial spraying, including the effects of operating parameter of aerial spraying, aerial applied pesticide effect detection, and the promotion and application of aerial spraying technology. Last, future perspectives of spraying technology for plant protection UAV was discussed. This paper may inspire the innovation of precision agricultural aviation technology, the basic theory development of pesticide spraying technology, multi-aircraft cooperative technology and other supporting technologies for UAV-based aerial spraying for scientific research and application by research institutions and enterprises in China. Keywords: plant protection UAV, aerial spraying, application, spraying technology DOI: 10.33440/j.ijpaa.20180101.0002 Citation: Lan Y B, Chen S D.  Current status and trends of plant protection UAV and its spraying technology in China.  Int J Precis Agric Aviat, 2018; 1(1): 1–9.

Carbon dioxide sequestration by industrial wastes through mineral carbonation: Current status and perspectives