Current Development and Implementation of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Courses in Taiwan's Universities and Colleges

This research aims to analyze the Curriculum planning and benefit between departments of beautification in collegeand the professional courses by using ISM. To understand the link between different professional courses ofbeautification in college and find out the connections, Department of Cosmetic Science will be taken as an example.The result will benefit to future developing plans of the courses in Department of Cosmetic Science. The object ofthis research is all Department of Cosmetic Science in college in Taiwan. All professional courses related withDepartment of Cosmetic Science were discussed. The content and hierarchy of courses were analyzed andsummarized by using ISM. By clarifying the suitability of them as well as promoting Department of CosmeticsScience’s future development, all three parties, including the courses, lecturers and students, can achieve the besteffect from this research.

Various Japanese educations are done from the kindergarten to the doctor's course of the university in Taiwan as of August, 2011. There are 42 departments of Japanese Language at 41 universities. And, there are a lot of textbooks used in those educational institutions. Some of the textbooks are made in Japan, and some of the textbooks are made in Taiwan. The purpose of this paper is to consider the possibility of Japanese culture understanding in the textbook. What is the culture? It seems that the culture are a certain history, folk tale of the society, the annual event, and food, clothing, and housing, life, the religion, the sports, the amusement, literature, and art activities. The Japanese culture classroom in the Japanese-style room ware set up by some universities in Taiwan. Many of activities done in the Japanese-style room are the visible cultural forms. For example sado, kado, kimono. However, the Japanese cultures are not only these. This paper is a case study to consider the possibility of Japanese culture understanding in textbook ”Nihongo wo manabo at Taiwan” compiled by the Taiwanese teacher of Soochow University.

Blended courses that include face-to-face and e-learning have been offered in universities in Taiwan but very little research has been undertaken on university student perspectives of effective e-learning strategies. This paper explores student perceptions of effective e-learning strategies their instructors used in blended courses in a national research-oriented university in Taiwan. An interpretive paradigm with quantitative and qualitative methods was adopted as the basis for the research methodology. This paper outlines the findings from a survey of nearly 400 students and focus group discussions with over thirty students about their perceptions and experiences of e-learning in blended learning courses. The findings note that instructors used various e-learning strategies to motivate student engagement in e-learning and to improve student learning outcomes. Nearly all students noted the provision of online course materials, audios/videos, synchronous and asynchronous interactions as being effective to motivate their engagement in e-learning, strengthen their intention to view or review the materials at their convenience, and assist them understand the course content. The aim of this study is to provide some suggestions for instructors and students to improve their teaching efficiency and learning outcomes in e-learning.

When managing a university, the principal or administrators always encounter internal and external risk items or difficulties which they know even they don't know. This study therefore proposes an analytic hierarchy model to help the private university in Taiwan understand the critical risk factors influence the school management, and an aggregative risk degree is indicated. The importance weights of risk factors and occurrence ratings of two possible outcomes (risk and none-risk) are determined by using consistent fuzzy preference relations. By multiplying the importance weights of risk factors and occurrence ratings of possible outcomes, the aggregative risk degree of a private university is determined. University A is used to demonstrate the measuring procedures of this proposed approach. The results show that the five most important risk factors in managing the private university in Taiwan are: leadership and organization structure risk, development and plan risk, financial risk, environment and equipment risk, teaching and curriculum risk.

The purpose of this study is exploring the service-learning courses to take the effect of Medical of Universities in Taiwan. The hidden curriculums of students participate in course and understand service-learning courses and general education about how to combine those together. In content analysis, participant and observation in courses and interviews are adopted as the methods of data collections. The two courses are selected as research targets; one comes from service-learning course of public university and the other is from service-learning course of private university. There are total ten students being studied. There are two major findings in the study: (1)The service-learning courses are designed in different schools which produce some same kinds and different learning results. The same part is focus on the undesigned courses, causing students who participate in this course feel that they don`t know how to follow the suggestion and also they don’t know to follow whom. And the teachers in courses don’t have intensive contact making students having low learning, low service courses. The different part is produced by the difference of different leading model. This model produces two results, one result some bad effect on some unnormal learning courses, and another is some good effects. (2)Considering total designed courses about service-learning, there are a lot of shortcomings and something not enough, so it can’t achieve the concept of education. Make students’ eyesight bigger by their service, then making them to keep cultivating their openmind spirit. The following operation of the courses delivering that there are some space need to approve in service-learning courses.Based on findings and conclusions, some of suggestions were proposed for schools, and teachers as well as future service-learning courses studies.

The issues of ＂Life and Death Education＂ are more and more important in Taiwan. There are more than one-third General Education Centers give Life-and-Death Studies Issues courses in colleges and universities in Taiwan. ＂Life-and-Death Studies＂ is derived from ＂Thanatology＂ (the scientific study of death). After integrating cultural customs and social contexts, it become a fairly broad knowledge specialized subject. Broadly speaking, the three core concepts-＂Life＂, ＂Existence＂ and ＂Death＂- are the same important of Life-and Death issues, but there are discords has arisen over this viewpoint in Taiwan scholars, so the main core of life-and-death studies is uncertain now. The researcher collected 94 syllabuses of Life-and-Death Studies courses in the Academic Year 97 to 100 in Taiwan, and tried to assay the teaching focuses and methods. The researcher give some advises, and hope the curriculum ideas can give consideration to both General Education and Life-and-Death Education.

<p>Freshmen English is one of the compulsory courses in universities in Taiwan. Vocabulary notebooks are<br />frequently advocated as a way for students to take control of their vocabulary learning (Fowle, 2002).<br />This study focuses on the perception and practice of 157 freshmen, who were all non-English majors, of<br />the vocabulary notebook as their vocabulary learning strategy. The major data in this study included<br />vocabulary notebooks, self-evaluation of keeping vocabulary notebooks, and instructional PowerPoint<br />files. The freshmen in this study had a positive attitude toward vocabulary notebooks, because<br />vocabulary notebooks helped them learn English words and increase their word knowledge,<br />particularly of word families. They used the vocabulary notebooks to review the lessons and prepare for<br />the exams. One interesting finding was that participants in this study preferred making their vocabulary<br />notebooks in hard copy on paper because they could easily carry the notebooks around and review the<br />lessons. Moreover, of all the required elements of the vocabulary notebooks, the learners found that<br />word families were the most useful, because they could memorize word families and use them to make<br />sentences. Suggestions are provided for how to make vocabulary notebooks an effective vocabulary<br />learning strategy.</p>

Course design and development need to be considered in many aspects such as goals, features, resources and constraints of each institution. Furthermore, it should conform to society’s needs and should be improved according to the advances of knowledge. In order to cultivate students’ capabilities required by the needs of industry so that they can better cope with the severe competition in today’s knowledge economy era, schools should have the responsibility and endeavor to instruct students how to acquire innovative knowledge rapidly. In this paper, a framework of the corresponding method of course development for cultivating the innovative capability of students at university was proposed based on knowledge chain model. An example implemented at Far East University in Taiwan was used to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed method. The concept and framework proposed in this paper might be used as a reference and guideline to promote the education of TRIZ and patent related courses in university.

As the numbers of international students have grown, higher education institutions in Asia have offered a growing range of English medium instruction (EMI) degree programs. But Asian governments and higher education institutions have not thought deeply about how to ensure quality of English medium instruction degree programs. At the same time, their accreditors have not been fully aware of how to establish an external quality assurance mechanism to measure the quality of these programs. This study’s main purpose is to put the quality of the EMI degree programs of Taiwan higher education institutions into the perspective of the Taiwan’s institutions and one local Taiwan accreditor. With both qualitative and quantitative approaches, a survey targeting Taiwan’s colleges and universities and interviews of Higher Education Evaluation & Accreditation Council of Taiwan international reviewers and Asian higher education experts are used to examine the challenges of EMI implementation in Taiwan universities and the role of local accreditors playing in reviewing the English medium instruction degree programs.

本研究採用台灣社會變遷資料庫1997年與2007年及中國社會調查開放數據庫2006年的資料，探討台灣與中國大陸個人在社經地位、高等教育取得與社會階層覺察間之差異情形，並利用t考驗、單因子變異數分析、迴歸分析等統計方法探討台灣與中國大陸高等教育取得對社會階層覺察的影響。 本研究結果發現： （一） 控制變項（性別、年齡、父母教育程度、父母族群）對於台灣與中國大陸高等教育取得部分具有影響力，但台灣部分隨著高等教育取得比例的增加，會使得性別、族群的影響力下降；但父母教育程度對於台灣與中國大陸高等教育取得有一定的影響力。 （二） 高等教育取得與社經地位間有影響力，但台灣高等教育擴張後會以中等教育分流為分界點，使得高等教育取得對社經地位的整體影響力下降。 （三） 在社經地位與社會階層覺察方面，個人收入、工作狀況確時會影響社會階層覺察，反之文化資本的影響力會隨著高等教育取得比例的增加而在某些小題有下降的現象，而中國大陸則是會依照社會階層的不同呈現出兩極化的文化資本。 （四） 以迴歸分析檢測台灣與中國大陸社經地位、高等教育取得對社會階層覺察之影響力，在排除性別、年齡、父母族群、父母教育程度等四個控制變項後，發現社經地位、高等教育取得對於社會階層覺察有顯著影響力。 （五） 高等教育量的擴充不代表質的提升：呼應了文獻探討中MMI理論，上層階級仍會使用各種策略來確保自身的受教權。 （六） 父母教育程度會影響子女教育機會，因此接受高等教育仍有必要性。

This research adopts multi-disciplinary strategies in the financial course of college in Taiwan. Through the process of action research, it explores the learning outcomes of students and the reflection of teachers, so as to improve the teaching practice for teachers. In this study, multi-teaching strategies include problem-based learning, situational case study and interactive game teaching. The research samples are students of college, all of whom are the first-time in the personal financial program. The methodology is questionnaire scale to conduct satisfaction analysis and differences analysis of before and after teaching. Through the satisfaction survey, this study found that most students feel more interesting for learning after problem-based learning with situational case materials, than traditional teaching methods. Students have a high recognition for the learning effects from interactive games. Based on the pre-test and posterior differential analysis, this study found that students who first came into contact with personal financial program have an improvement significantly in their learning outcomes through the implementation of multiple teaching strategies, and the increase in financial vocabulary also reached statistically significant levels. Finally the study evidences that the most students are satisfied with the implementation of the overall teaching strategy.

With the widespread establishment of universities and technical colleges in Taiwan, having a university degree is no longer a privilege of the few. However, it has also led to the emergence of many socially inexperienced people with higher education degrees who need more workplace competitiveness. Therefore, students’ employability is a topic worth exploring. Equally, the number of students in hospitality-related departments is still very high in the current conditions, while the employment situation in the tourism and hospitality industry is relatively challenging and unstable, making students’ employability even more critical. This study examines the relationship between self-efficacy, creativity, employability, and personality traits in the hospitality and tourism industry. Descriptive statistics and factor analysis confirm the previous research findings. In addition, testing of the scale reliability and validity is needed. A structural equation modeling (SEM) approach and mediation analysis are adopted to test the research hypotheses and explore gender differences. The study aims to understand how individual characteristics contribute to career success and identify any unique challenges or advantages based on gender. The research results show that personality traits can affect and influence employability in terms of self-efficacy. Furthermore, personality traits can affect self-efficacy, and self-efficacy can enhance creativity and improve employability.

Undergraduate students were surveyed to assess their awareness of and interest in health and safety education. Out of 5258 questionnaires distributed among 66 colleges and universities in Taiwan, 4474 questionnaires were returned. The respondents were asked to provide demographic information and to respond to questions about a proposed college course in general occupational health and safety (OHS) and questions about 30 OHS topics. Their awareness and learning interest about each topic were evaluated on a 4-point scale. Statistical analysis of variance and logistic linear regression were performed. Only 13% of respondents had previously taken health and safety courses. More than 39% of respondents indicated that they would take general OHS courses if the courses were offered by their colleges. Student motivation to take OHS courses was apparently related to their experience in OHS coursework, their academic background, and their current learning interest in the 30 OHS topics. Students with natural science or engineering backgrounds tended to express strong interest in OHS topics and courses. In conclusion, implementing general health and safety education in college is recommended. In addition, developing an OHS course module system would meet student expectations, as courses would consider the learning interests and needs of students with different college majors.

This paper presents an 11-step “myAgile” method that integrates the extreme programming (XP) with existing university courses, attempting to build a modern software engineering education. Compared with XP, “myAgile” covers more phases, such as requirement engineering, detailed design, and reverse engineering. There were 288 students in 4 universities in Taiwan who participated in this effort. The students rigorously applied the method to develop, and to maintain, an object-oriented Grade System project in Java. The results showed that, objectively, the students produced maintainable software, which was clearly shown in another maintenance project by a different team at a distant time after the development. And, subjectively, students reported high job satisfaction that is so desperately needed in this profession.

The study aims to explore the learning effectiveness of labor education courses affected by cooperative learning teaching method in higher education. The target population was students at a university in Taiwan who were enrolled in a course on “Industrial Relations and Workplace Ethics”. The study incorporated a cooperative group learning model, collected data on teaching and learning experiences, and conducted a study on teaching and learning in order to construct a labor education program with good teaching quality and learning effectiveness. The results of the study showed that students’ learning engagement, motivation and attitude, cooperative skills and peer interaction, teacher-student relationship, and labor knowledge improved significantly after the adoption of cooperative group learning. Therefore, cooperative group learning is a good teaching method for university courses. At the end of this study, we propose specific recommendations based on the study results for teachers, schools, and future research.