Abstract
In this overview, the present knowledge about the effects of nicotine on neurotransmitter release in the central nervous system has been evaluated. Five characteristics relating to nicotine mechanisms and sites of action in the brain are presented. These are the following: the site of action of nicotine at the neuronal level; the areas of the brain in which nicotine has been shown to affect neurotransmitter release; the neurotransmitter affected by nicotine; the mechanistic characteristics of release such as receptor mediation, calcium dependence, and subcellular pools affected; and, the pharmacological characteristics of nicotine such as potency, efficacy, time course, stereoselectivity, and structure-activity relationships. Experimental information is presented concerning the effects of nicotine on [3H] dopamine release from rat striatal synaptosomes and tissue punches from mesolimbic nuclei. These include concentration-response relationships, the effects of agonists and antagonists, and the time-course and efficacy of nicotine on the stimulation of [3H]dopamine release.
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