Abstract
Non-epithelial cancers of the ovary–malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCT) and ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors (OSCST)–are rare neoplasms of the upper female genital tract, each accounting for approximately 5% of all ovarian malignancies [ 1 Smith H.O. Berwick M. Verschraegen C.F. Wiggins C. Lansing L. Muller C.Y. et al. Incidence and survival rates for female malignant germ cell tumors. Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 107: 1075-1085 Crossref PubMed Scopus (231) Google Scholar , 2 Schumer S. Cannistra S.A. Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary. J Clin Oncol. 2003; 21: 1180-1189 Crossref PubMed Scopus (474) Google Scholar ]. However, these two subtypes could not be more different in that the story of MOGCT is one of success whereas that of OSCST is rife with unresolved issues. How is this possible, given the similar incidence rates? The answer is two-fold: 1) MOGCT somehow are much more sensitive to conventional chemotherapy developed in the 1960s and 1970s, and 2) a great deal of information related to clinical management of MOGCT has been extrapolated from that of the more common male counterpart—testicular cancer.
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