Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major complication in clinical practice. However, despite its frequency, effective preventive/treatment strategies for this condition are scarce. Curcumin possesses antioxidant properties and is a promising potential protective agent against renal IRI, but its poor water solubility restricts its application. In this study, we constructed curcumin-carrying distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine-polyethylene glycol nanoparticles (Cur-NPs), and their effect on HK-2 cells exposed to IRI was examined in vitro. Curcumin encapsulated in NPs demonstrated improved water solubility and slowed release. Compared with the IRI and Curcumin groups, Cur-NP groups displayed significantly improved cell viability, downregulated protein expression levels of caspase-3 and Bax, upregulated expression of Bcl-2 protein, increased antioxidant superoxide dismutase level, and reduced apoptotic rate, reactive oxygen species level, and malondialdehyde content. Results clearly showed that Cur-NPs demonstrated good water solubility and slow release, as well as exerted protective effects against oxidative stress in cultured HK-2 cells exposed to IRI.
Highlights
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is the damage caused by unavailability of blood supply in an organ until blood flow and oxygenation are restored [1]
Results clearly showed that Cur-DSPE-PEG NPs (Cur-NPs) demonstrated good water solubility and slow release, as well as exerted protective effects against oxidative stress in cultured HK-2 cells exposed to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI)
Our experiments demonstrated that Cur-NPs inhibited the apoptotic rate of HK-2 cells exposed to IRI by reducing reactive oxygen level, by downregulating the expression of pro-apoptotic genes (Caspase-3 and Bax), and by upregulating the expression of anti-apoptotic gene (Bcl-2)
Summary
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is the damage caused by unavailability of blood supply in an organ until blood flow and oxygenation are restored [1]. Given the specificity in structure and function of the kidney, renal IRI commonly occurs and is associated with many complex clinical conditions, such as hemorrhagic shock [2], renal transplantation [3], and acute renal failure [4]. Pathogenic studies have shown that apoptosis plays a vital role in renal IRI and is reduced by an imbalance in scavenging and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [5, 6], but the related mechanism is poorly understood. Effective preventive/treatment strategies for this condition are scarce. New dosage forms of Curcumin must be developed to increase its solubility, to enhance its pharmacological effects, and to facilitate proper route of administration
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