Abstract
Among the reasons of the failure of the Weimar democracy, the part played by the political culture inherited from the 19th century has undoubtedly not been emphasized strongly enough. The German political culture regards the State as sacred and mistrusts political parties, considered as factors of division in society; this culture thus does not view a parliamentary regime favourably. It shows that most Germans in 1914 are satisfied with the non-parliamentary constitutional monarchy and its dualistic system whereby the executive, represented by the emperor and the chancellor, has a supremacy over the Reichstag, elected by universal suffrage. This political culture reflects both a heterogeneous society and a fragmented system of parties, a situation which is not conductive to a British-style parliamentary system. The Weimar constitution, with its dualistic system favourable to the president, lies in the continuation of a political culture which has not been questioned fundamentally by the November 1918 revolution.
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