Abstract
Inadequate use of antibiotics has led to spread of microorganisms resistant to effective antimicrobial compounds for humans and animals. This study was aimed to isolate cultivable strains of actinobacteria associated with Baikal endemic alga Draparnaldioides baicalensis and estimate their antibiotic properties. During this study, we isolated both widespread and dominant strains related to the genus Streptomyces and representatives of the genera Saccharopolyspora, Nonomuraea, Rhodococcus, and Micromonospora. For the first time, actinobacteria belonging to the genera Nonomuraea and Saccharopolyspora were isolated from Baikal ecosystem. Also, it was the first time when actinobacteria of the genus Nonomuraea were isolated from freshwater algae. Some rare strains demonstrated activity inhibiting growth of bacteria and yeasts. Also, it has been shown that the strains associated with Baikal alga D. baicalensis are active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. According to this study and previously published materials, diversity of cultivable actinobacteria and rare strains isolated from D. baicalensis is comparable to that of cultivable actinobacteria previously isolated from plant sources of Lake Baikal. Also, it exceeds the cultivable actinobacteria diversity previously described for macroinvertebrates, water, or sediments of Lake Baikal. The large number of rare and active strains associated with the endemic alga D. baicalensis could be the promising sources for biopharmaceutical and biotechnological developments and discovery of new natural compounds.
Highlights
Screening, synthesis, and production of biologically active compounds and natural products represent one of the most important research trends in biopharmaceutical studies all over the world [1]. e necessity to develop new drugs is induced by rapidly growing multidrug resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics introduced into medical and clinical practice [2, 3]
It exceeds the cultivable actinobacteria diversity previously described for macroinvertebrates, water, or sediments of Lake Baikal. e large number of rare and active strains associated with the endemic alga D. baicalensis could be the promising sources for biopharmaceutical and biotechnological developments and discovery of new natural compounds
BLASTanalysis of nucleotide sequences aligned for the 16S rRNA gene revealed high similarity of strains between actinobacteria associated with D. baikalensis alga and sequences of actinobacteria strains that were previously deposited in the Genbank database (NCBI)
Summary
Synthesis, and production of biologically active compounds and natural products represent one of the most important research trends in biopharmaceutical studies all over the world [1]. e necessity to develop new drugs is induced by rapidly growing multidrug resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics introduced into medical and clinical practice [2, 3]. The search and development of new biologically active compounds is complicated because most ecosystems and microorganisms producing natural products are already well-analysed. Of particular interest is the search and development of new biologically active compounds from specific symbiotic microorganisms that inhabit ecosystems with specific evolutionary and ecological characteristics. One of the most promising places for International Journal of Microbiology biopharmaceutical search is unique and little studied ecosystem of the ancient Lake Baikal. Lake Baikal is a UNESCO World Heritage site It seems to be a unique natural laboratory characterized by particular conditions of the lake, such as low temperatures, low content of mineral and organic elements, high oxygen content in the entire water column, and the highest level of biodiversity of flora and fauna [5]. Lake Baikal is the largest center of speciation, endemism [6], and the “pantry” of the genetic resources of the world
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