Abstract
In the cueing paradigm, an abrupt onset of the cue brings about both the facilitation effect and inhibition of return (IOR) depending on the cue-target interval. Previous studies showed that physical properties of the cue such as duration affect the occurrences of facilitation effect and IOR. However, other study indicated that cue duration did not affect these two effects. The first aim of this study was to clarify how cue duration affects the facilitation effect. The results showed that the temporal properties of the cue influenced the facilitation effect. The second aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the magnitude of the facilitation effect and that of IOR with the results in Experiment 1 and 2. There were four findings that suggested discrepancies in the effect of spatial cueing between the facilitation effect and IOR. In conclusion, these two processes were driven by distinct mechanisms.
Highlights
Visual attention enables one to select specific information in the visual scene
The reaction time (RT) either over 1000 ms or less than 200 ms were discarded from the data analysis
Analysis for RTs, a threeway mixed analyses of variance (ANOVA) was performed with cue duration (30 and 300 ms) × trial type × SOA (150, 450, and 800 ms) as within-group factors
Summary
Visual attention enables one to select specific information in the visual scene. Since Posner developed the spatial cueing paradigm (Posner, 1978, 1980), two phenomena concerning bottom-up (or exogenous) attention have been well documented. If the time interval between the onset of the cue and the onset of the target (stimulus onset asynchrony; SOA) is greater than approximately 250 ms, the results are reversed: RTs in the valid condition are longer than those in the invalid condition. The former is called attentional capture (or facilitation), and the latter is called inhibition of return (IOR; Posner, & Cohen, 1984; Posner, Rafal, Choate, & Vaughan, 1985; Taylor & Klein, 1998; Klein, 2000)
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