CT and MRI in the diagnosis of the phase course of necrotizing pancreatitis (literature review)

Abstract

Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common acute conditions in abdominal cavity with a broad spectrum of clinical symptoms, which range in severity from mild interstitial inflammation to severe forms with significant regional and systemic complications. Despite overall progress in treatment methods and critical care of the acute pancreatitis, this condition remains to be associated with a high mortality rate. Contrast-enhanced CT has been the golden standard in the diagnosis of the acute pancreatitis for a long time, but despite that there’s still a certain degree of inaccuracy in terminology, pertinent to both the literature and the guidelines, which in turn impacts treatment and prognosis. This work is dedicated to the radiological terminology and classification of the characteristic findings in the acute pancreatitis and necrotizing pancreatitis. Recommendations and indications for use of the CT and MRI has been discussed, as well as their methodology. The provisions of the review are illustrated by CT and MRI images of the most striking and significant changes in the framework of the disease from the authors' archive for greater clarity. The main goal of this study is to consolidate data found in both foreign and domestic research in order to form a comprehensive understanding of development stages of acute pancreatitis. This is mainly achieved by their radiologic characterization, as well as possible complications.