Abstract
AbstractParticipatory modelling has become a growing concept in environmental modelling, as it allows stakeholders to be involved in various stages of model development. The majority of studies, however, have focused on the participation during model use for scenario analysis and strategy evaluation after the model has been developed. Large‐scale community mapping efforts create new opportunities to establish, detail and improve flood models at the development stage by working together with local stakeholders. In this article, we propose a novel participatory modelling and mapping approach. It builds on the community mapping projects across the most vulnerable wards in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, which uses OpenStreetMap as a data platform. The approach consists of community mapping, an automated flood inundation model development and facilitation of stakeholder involvement. The participation of stakeholders in data collection helped achieving a more accurate flood model. The participatory modelling approach made participants aware of the skills necessary to develop an urban flood model with OpenStreetMap, necessary for creating a resilient society. The level of improvement obtained through the applied participatory modelling and mapping approach demonstrates its value in hydrodynamic model development and its potential for application in data scarce areas prone to urban floods.
Highlights
The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 adopted by the United Nations and led by United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) highlights the significant role of stakeholders and the use of modelling tools in Disaster RiskReduction (DRR) (UNISDR, 2015)
It builds on the community mapping projects across the most vulnerable wards in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, which uses OpenStreetMap as a data platform
This study examined and demonstrated the potential urban flood model development and improvement using OSM data, following applications of participatory mapping and modelling approach
Summary
The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 adopted by the United Nations and led by United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) highlights the significant role of stakeholders and the use of modelling tools in Disaster RiskReduction (DRR) (UNISDR, 2015). The involvement of local stakeholders becomes a necessity for locally accepted and fully supported model results. It is valuable in the formulation of numerous flood risk management alternatives, and the identification and evaluation of policies (Maskrey, Mount, Thorne, & Dryden, 2016). This makes participatory modelling a powerful tool for informed decision support systems (BascoCarrera, Warren, van Beek, Jonoski, & Giardino, 2017; Voinov & Bousquet, 2010)
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