Abstract
The performances of Ensemble Non-Return-to-Zero (ENRZ) under the interferences of crosstalk, in conjunction with Non-Return-to-Zero (NRZ), Pulse Amplitude Modulation of 3-level (PAM3), and Pulse Amplitude Modulation of 4-level (PAM4) are investigated. Two scenarios, 0 dB and high-loss, with varying levels of dual-side Far-End Cross-Talk (FEXT) and Near-End Cross-Talk (NEXT), are studied. Following a detailed description of the ENRZ algorithm, the reasons that lead to the performance edge of ENRZ in contrast to the rest three modulations are analyzed. The proper methodology of injecting the crosstalk interferences in the differential and multi-wire-based modulation systems is discussed. A widely existing issue of computing FEXT is pointed out along with the correct technique. A holistic channel simulation method called Frequency Domain Matrix Multiplication (FDMM) is employed to better handle multi-wire-based channels. The eye diagrams obtained with the four modulation techniques are compared. The study shows that overall, ENRZ has a remarkable advantage over the other three modulation techniques, which become more prominent as the crosstalk level increases.
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