Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the cross-cultural adaptation process of the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire for undergraduate Nursing students, in the Brazilian context. Method: a psychometric study conducted in public universities in Rio de Janeiro/Brazil, between October 2019 and July 2020. The transcultural adaptation process encompassed the following stages: translation; reconciliation; back-translation; independent reviews by a committee of reviewers; pre-completion; completion; harmonization; formatting and review; cognitive test with 31 undergraduate Nursing students from two public universities; and analysis of the comments. Results: the process lasted approximately ten months, and the initial translations, carried out independently by two translators, achieved close versions; none of the translators reported difficulties in translating the meanings of the items. The Brazilian version of the instrument maintained conceptual, semantic, idiomatic, and experimental equivalences. The mean content validity ratio values for clarity, relevance, pertinence, and theoretical dimension were higher than established; the assessment by the target audience showed good understanding. Conclusion: the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire - Brazilian version showed equivalence with the original version, developed in Spain, and presented satisfactory evidence of content validity for use with undergraduate Nursing students in Brazil, being easy-to-understand by the target audience.
Highlights
Various definitions are used for the term “mental health”[1]
In an informative document on the promotion of mental health, the World Health Organization (WHO) mentioned various perspectives for understanding what is called Positive Mental Health (PMH), among which is the cultural approach advocated by Marie Jahoda, in 19581
The reconciled version (R) was subjected to a back-translation process by a native Spanish translator, who had mastery of the Portuguese language spoken in Brazil, independently and without contact with the original version of the instrument (Stage 3)
Summary
Various definitions are used for the term “mental health”[1]. The World Health Organization (WHO) proposes the following definition for mental health: “a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community”1:12. In an informative document on the promotion of mental health, the WHO mentioned various perspectives for understanding what is called Positive Mental Health (PMH), among which is the cultural approach advocated by Marie Jahoda, in 19581. In this approach, PMH involves the capacity for self-fulfillment, mastery over the environment, and a sense of autonomy. A model was developed that contemplated six essential factors for PMH, regardless of being affected by some mental disease, namely: attitudes towards oneself; growth and self-updating; integration; autonomy; mastery of the environment; and perception of reality. Multiple criteria had to be attained[2]
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