Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Persian version of the oral health values scale

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BackgroundThe decisions individuals make regarding oral health reflect their values. Prioritizing oral and dental health is essential for public health. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Oral Health Values Questionnaire.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 500 adults aged 18 years and older at health centers in Shiraz in 2023. The Original Oral Health Values Scale (OHVS) questionnaire was translated into Persian using a forward-backward translation. Participants completed the Persian version of the OHVS, which comprises a 12-item scale with a four-factor structure: professional dental care, appearance and health, flossing, and preservation of natural teeth. The Content Validity Index (CVI), Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Scale-Level Content Validity Index (S-CVI/Ave) were assessed. Test-retest reliability and Cronbach’s alpha were used to evaluate the internal consistency of the questionnaire. To determine the adequacy of the sample size, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) index, with a minimum value of 0.7, Bartlett’s test of sphericity, eigenvalues greater than 1, and the Varimax rotation method were utilized, using SPSS Version 24 statistical software.ResultsAll questions demonstrated satisfactory Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI), scoring above the expected thresholds of 0.8 and 0.9, respectively. The test-retest correlation results confirmed the reliability of the questionnaire, with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.7 for all questions and their sub-areas. Internal consistency was also established usings domains. Factor analysis revealed four primary components with eigenvalues greater than 1, which collectively accounted for 58.963% of the total variance.ConclusionsThe Persian version of the OHVS demonstrated excellent validity and reliability. Consequently, it can be regarded as a reliable and valuable tool for epidemiological and behavioral dental studies.