Crop rotation as a biological factor of weed control in spring barley crop in the Sonkovsky district of the Tver region

Abstract

Spring barley is widely used for fodder and food purposes. Modern farming systems involve the use of short crop rotations, which leads to a deterioration in the phytosanitary condition of the fields, so improving the structure of the fields is a priority. The potential of the crop will not be fully exploited if local resources are used irrationally. Weed components, in turn, inhibit crop growth and reduce the amount of product obtained. Successful weed control is based on a systematic approach involving agrotechnical, biological and chemical measures. The pursuit of yield without the optimization of technological processes leads to low profitability of agricultural production, so a properly selected predecessor is the key to profit for agricultural producers. The aim of the study is to regulate barley weeds in the Tver region using biological methods. Crop rotation is the cheapest method without material costs. Predecessors have a different effect on the species and quantitative composition of weeds. The maximum clogging in the sum of weed vegetation, including biological groups, was found for the oat predecessor (62 pcs/m2 of juvenile weeds and 53 pcs/m2 of perennial weeds). The best predecessor for spring barley in the experiment is corn for silage, after which the number of Erysimum cheiranthoides decreased to 3 pcs/m2, which caused an increase in the yield of the studied crop from 4.5 to 7.4 t/ha.