Abstract
In this paper, the direction of crack growth under fretting fatigue loading is studied through an experimental and theoretical approach. The experimental work enabled the fretting conditions to be known and the site of initiation and crack trajectory to be viewed; theoretical work permitted a prediction of those processes. Fretting wear and fretting fatigue loadings induce non-proportional mixed mode loading at the tip of the cracks initiated within the contact zone. The classical criteria predicting the direction of crack growth cannot account for the non-proportional loading. Tests were carried out to study the cracking phenomena under cumulative effects of contact and external loadings, i.e., fretting fatigue loading. The fretting contact between the two contacting bodies is modeled to evaluate the operating contact loading conditions. The response of the cracked body is determined in terms of stress intensity factors using the continuous distribution of dislocations theory coupled with a unilateral contact analysis with friction. The angle of crack extension is then predicted, at different stages of crack life, according to a new approach. The correlation of the predicted angle of crack extension with the experimental observation enables the conclusion that, under fretting fatigue loading, cracks propagate by a mode I process.
Highlights
Fretting loading still remains a significant concern in design ing and maintaining industrial structures (Waterhouse, 1972, 1981)
It is sometimes responsible for premature fatigue failure and often limits component life ( Forsyth, 1981; Hoeppner, 1974), It occurs in quasi-static assemblies such as splines, ca bles, turbine blade assemblies etc
The crxx contact stresses un dergo their biggest gradient and greatest values during a whole loading cycle (Fig. 6) at the interface of the sticking and the sliding zones. Note that in these fretting fatigue tests, the traction cr0 generates tensile stresses crxx on its own which are added onto the contact stresses crxx
Summary
Fretting loading still remains a significant concern in design ing and maintaining industrial structures (Waterhouse, 1972, 1981). It is sometimes responsible for premature fatigue failure and often limits component life ( Forsyth, 1981; Hoeppner, 1974), It occurs in quasi-static assemblies such as splines, ca bles, turbine blade assemblies etc. Cracks initiate at a very early stage and most of the components life incorporates crack growth. They are submitted to mixed mode non-proportional loading, and com plex contact conditions exist at their interface, including fric tional locking
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