Abstract
One of the most commonly used materials in the field of construction is concrete. Nevertheless, there are strong inclinations for concrete to form cracks, which would then allow the penetration of both aggressive and harmful substances into the concrete. Subsequently, this will decrease the durability of the affected structures. Thus, the ability for cracks to heal themselves in the affected cementitious materials is in demand to prolong the life of any structure. Autogenous self-healing is one approach to overcome smaller crack widths (macrocracks). Nowadays, crack width-healing is of great importance. Having said that, both polymers and bacteria are the most common approach to enhance autogenous self-healing and bond crack faces. Crack width-healing of up to 0.97 mm was achieved via bacteria-based self-healing. In this paper, the mechanisms of these approaches and their efficiency to heal crack were highlighted. Both bacteria-and polymers-based self-healing are promising techniques for the future. However, long term studies are still required before real applications can be made.
Highlights
One of the most extraordinary aspects of biological systems is the capacity to heal wounds
A crack width of up to 0.46 mm were healed after 100 days by applying two-component healing agent; calcium lactate and bacteria spores
Curing condition and cracking age have shown their effect on the crack selfhealing. The former, There was no apparent healing in the samples under the wet curing condition, while the samples subjected to wet–dry curing and water curing had a great healing ratio, which confirmed that water is essential for self-healing concrete based on bacteria
Summary
One of the most extraordinary aspects of biological systems is the capacity to heal wounds. A microbial self-healing technique presents several other benefits including its possibility to last for a longer period of time and both fast and active crack repair properties, it is still in their infancy. This paper provides a review on different strategies to attain crack-healing in concrete as investigated by several past studies (not comprehensive) as guide for future uptake biocement. These strategies have been presented in detail
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