Abstract
The vaccination for the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) is undergoing its final stages of analysis and testing. It is an impressive feat under the circumstances that we are on the verge of a potential breakthrough vaccination. This will help reduce the stress for millions of people around the globe, helping to restore worldwide normalcy. In this review, the analysis looks into how the new branch of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) came into the forefront of the world like a pandemic. This review will break down the details of what COVID-19 is, the viral family it belongs to and its background of how this family of viruses alters bodily functions by attacking vital human respiratory organs, the circulatory system, the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. This review also looks at the process a new drug analogue undergoes, from (i) being a promising lead compound to (ii) being released into the market, from the drug development and discovery stage right through to FDA approval and aftermarket research. This review also addresses viable reasoning as to why the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine may have taken much less time than normal in order for it to be released for use.
Highlights
Once a drug has gone through the aforementioned phases, the researcher may apply for a new drug application (NDA)
This review took a detailed look into each step of the drug development process. It shows that the average cycle for “Research into Lead compounds > Approval by the FDA > Drug going into market” takes around 17 to 20 years
The COVID-19 vaccination took a fraction of that time, the reasons for this may be justified
Summary
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)—better known as Coronavirus or COVID-19—was first encountered in the capital city of the Hubei province of Wuhan, China. The theproteins viral proteins the an sRNA are collated in the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus of the cell, forming the new virus particle These viruses release and induces a double membrane vesicle, through the restructuring of the endoplasm spread within the body, attacking target sites as mentioned above [22]. Thekit test use in the identification of SAR-CoV-2, one of the main worries for challenges the reverse transcription of the RNA of the virus into a complementary DNA This is amplified in the Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction thermal cycle shown that the clinical sensitivity of the analysis of respiratory swabs was at around 70%. Early detection of SAR-CoV-2 as described by the Red Cross [25]
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