Abstract
The first cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) were reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Five months later, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced a pandemic. The symptoms are nonspecific, and include breathing difficulties, cough, fever, and the loss of smell and taste. The diagnosis is confirmed by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing. Medical imaging has been mainly used to estimate the range of disease or potential complications.The aim of this study was to present the radiographic features of COVID‑19 reported in published papers. This investigation includes the scientific work concerning chest radiography (chest X-ray - CXR) and computed tomography (CT) in COVID‑19 patients. The most common pathologies are described, and the classification of COVID‑19 appearance in CT and other radiology reports is summarized. The usage of lung ultrasound (LUS) was taken into consideration. This study emphasizes the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the COVID‑19 pandemic. The algorithms developed to detect the disease are discussed. The role of medical imaging is not limited to the respiratory system; it can also be used in searching for and monitoring complications (cardiac, vascular or brain damage). Due to the significant role of radiology in the current pandemic, a review of the latest medical literature was performed to help clarify the upcoming data.
Highlights
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a medical condition caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
This study aimed to systematize the radio‐ graphic features presented in a traditional radiograph, computed tomography (CT) and lung ultrasound (LUS)
Lung ultrasound is a tool that is recommended for monitor‐ ing patients and has a growing role in diagnosis
Summary
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a medical condition caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As of December 2020, the number of COVID‐19 cases was over 75 million and so far the disease has affected almost every territory. Coronavirus disease 2019 mainly affects the respiratory system; the role of thoracic radiology should be established. Due to the symptoms of pneumonia, some patients require medi‐ cal imaging. Based on medical imaging data, many artificial intel‐ ligence (AI) algorithms have been developed to help in the detection of COVID‐19. Multiple articles highlighting the radiological findings in COVID‐19 patients were published. Many of these studies focused on a particular method of imaging or a specific type of disease complication. The role of this study was to systematize these results and conclusions for optimal use in an everyday clinical setting
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