COVID -19: Aetiology, Transmission, Receptor and the Third Wave Pandemic

Abstract

A wave of pandemic in an era of Covid-19 came in sinusoidal manner with a rise and fall in the outbreak resulting in rise in number of affected or infected people. The rise followed with limited knowledge and inadequate specialized equipment, preventive measures and the emergent of mutants led to multiple waves. The fall in the number of deaths led to state of relaxation, rise in economic and social activities led to second wave. The slight rise followed the failure to obtain general immunity and pharmacological intervention. And this led to the latest wave, the delta variant B.1.617 as the variant of concern (VOC) at stake. The virus is regarded as the seventh strain of corona virus family to induce infection in human. It uses the spike(s) protein found on their surface to recognize and bind specific receptors on host cell surfaces resulting in virus entry to the cell host and cause disease. This is a highly transmittable and pathogenic viral infection and attaches to the angiotensin converting enzyme 2(ACE-2) located in the vital organs and gives the virus access to have faster entrance to the system thereby getting the infected down easily. The review is to highlight what the covid-19 is all about and the uncertainties concerning the deceptive wave-like nature it took and to adopt the preventive measures to avoid another strange surge.