Abstract
The challenge of keeping the development and implementation of real-time control systems reliable and efficient and at the same time, low-cost and low-energy, is getting harder. This is because system designers and developers are faced with the dependability, inflexibility and often high-cost of specialized or custom-built hardware and software components. This research attempts to tackle issues such as the reliability and efficiency of real-time control systems and advance further the current state-of-the-art. For this purpose, a strong emphasis is placed on finding novel efficient solutions based on standardized and commercially available off-the-shelf hardware/software components. In this direction, this research applies credible and feasible methodologies (e.g., model-based design, component-based design, formal verification, real-time scheduling, prototyping, and validation) in an innovative enhanced way. As an important outcome, a versatile integrative design approach and architectural framework (VIDAF) is proposed, which supports the development and implementation of reliable real-time control systems and applications using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components. The feasibility and applicability of the proposed system’s architecture are evaluated and validated through a system application in embedded real-time control in manufacturing. The research outcomes are expected to have a positive impact on emerging areas such as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT).
Highlights
The advances of computer technologies and the continuous growth of their applications bring new challenges in building reliable real-time control systems
One of the key features of the design approach followed is based on the use of open-source and general-purpose hardware/software components, due to their immediate availability, rapid utilization and implementation, low-cost and wide-range of applicability
Even in the worst-case scenario, the results indicate that a value of about 150usecs, as a lower bound, could be an acceptable safety margin for such low frequencies in most real-time systems structured in this way, as long as the frequency-time step value is higher
Summary
The advances of computer technologies and the continuous growth of their applications bring new challenges (e.g., tasks concurrency in multicore processors) in building reliable real-time control systems The complexity of such systems continues to increase, by integrating various computing and networking components and devices, wireless communication equipment and other structures and services that rely on the physical world as well as on the virtual world e.g., cloud computing and the Internet-of-Things (IoT) [1,2]. Many sectors rely on the reliable, on-schedule, and cost-efficient operation of such computer-based systems in order to provide appropriate and time effective services. Such essential aspects are a necessity for critical systems deployed in key sectors. The architectural framework of such systems is based primarily on specialized or custom-built hardware/software (HW/SW) components, which impose extra undesirable costs, slow down the development and maintenance process, and limit the reusability and versatility of the final product or service [3]
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