Abstract
The objective of this paper is to report and analyse strategies for cost reduction, design processes, and procurement models of one wooden nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB) in Norway. The building investigated in this paper is the Moholt Allmenning, a newly-built student accommodation located in Moholt, Trondheim. Interviews with the building's owner and the contractor were carried out to obtain information on the decision-making process during the procurement phase, the planning phase, and the execution phase. The results show that the environmental goal and the criteria set for the use of wood in the tender announcement were a critical driving force for choosing cross laminated timber (CLT) in the final design. The results also show that the cost of using CLT in student residences is competitive against using concrete and steel. Given the requirement of little greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from materials production in nZEBs, the use of CLT is however a better choice.
 
 The objective of this paper is to report and analyse strategies for cost reduction, design processes, and procurement models of one wooden nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB) in Norway. This publication is part of the dissemination activities of the EU Horizon 2020 project NERO, whose scope is to demonstrate the feasibility of cost reduction of nZEBs built with wood in the Nordic Countries. Case buildings from Estonia, Finland, Norway, and Sweden are studied with respect to their technological solutions, energy use, and construction cost. The Norwegian building investigated in this paper is the Moholt Allmenning, a newly-built student accommodation located in Moholt, Trondheim. Interviews with the building's owner and the contractor were carried out to obtain information on the decision-making process during the procurement phase, the planning phase, and the execution phase. The results show that the environmental goal and the criteria set for the use of wood in the tender announcement were a critical driving force for choosing cross laminated timber (CLT) in the final design. The results also show that the cost of using CLT in student residences is competitive against using concrete and steel. Given the requirement of little greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from materials production in nZEBs, the use of CLT is however a better choice.
Highlights
Since the Moholt Allmenning uses less energy than the limits defined in TEK17, the building is placed in energy class A, according to the Norwegian energy classification (Energimerking)
Sit was contacted by Trebruk and iTRE, who encouraged the use of cross-laminated timber (CLT) in the design instead of the proposed steel and concrete structure because of the lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of wood and its competitive cost
The work presented in this paper aims to discover the type of relationship that exists between the design process, the procurement model and the final cost of CLT buildings
Summary
Norway is yet to specify nearly zero energy buildings (nZEBs) (Directive 2010/31/EU, 2010) as a target for the energy performance of Norwegian buildings. Other benchmarks that define building energy performance and environmental goals are available, such as BREEAM-NOR and Zero Emission Building (ZEB). The latter targets the buildings’ lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to the energy use from the production of the building materials up to and including the buildings’ demolition. Since the Moholt Allmenning uses less energy than the limits defined in TEK17 (which is set to 95 kWh/m2y for residential buildings), the building is placed in energy class A, according to the Norwegian energy classification (Energimerking)
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