Abstract
This paper shows correlations between vessel characteristics and differences in growth-ring width in heartwood and sapwood. Analyzed samples were from an iron-wood tree (Gymnocladus canadensis Lam.) that grew in the Muzljanski Rit area, of the Srpska Crnja municipality in Serbia. According to previous research, it was deduced that Gymnocladus canadensis Lam. belongs to ring-porous species with big vessel lumen in the earlywood zone and thicker cell walls in the latewood. Vessels were more numerous in the latewood zone, and the same was true for heartwood and sapwood. For both layers, sapwood possessed a few more vessels than heartwood, and a statistically significant difference was confirmed by t-test during the early phase. The greatest negative value of correlation coefficient was between the number of vessels and growth-ring width during the early phase for sapwood. The number of vessels decreased in the wider growth rings. The correlation between growth-ring width and the area of vessels had a statistically significant positive value of correlative coefficient, which means that wider growth rings had larger vessel areas in the early phase for sapwood.
Highlights
Heartwood is defined as the inner layers of wood, which in a growing tree have ceased to contain living cells, and in which the reserve materials have been removed or converted into heartwood substance (Bass, 1985)
Sapwood is defined by the International Association of Wood Anatomists (IAWA) as the portion of wood that in a living tree contains living cells and reserve materials
As for wood quality, this characteristic and its stability commonly depend on its internal structure (Meerts, 2002)
Summary
Heartwood is defined as the inner layers of wood, which in a growing tree have ceased to contain living cells, and in which the reserve materials have been removed or converted into heartwood substance (Bass, 1985). Sapwood is defined by the International Association of Wood Anatomists (IAWA) as the portion of wood that in a living tree contains living cells and reserve materials. As for wood quality, this characteristic and its stability commonly depend on its internal structure (Meerts, 2002). On a cross-section of wood, there are two layers forming the trunk and vary from each other in size and color. The external wood layers form the sapwood, while the inside part, located in the center of the trunk, represents the heartwood. Heartwood and sapwood differ in color, and in function, degree of humidity, and one of the important heartwood characteristics is the absence of cambial cells (Yang et al, 2004)
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