Abstract
Objective: The objective of the study was to correlate prolactin (PRL) levels with different levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
 Methods: The study included 221 non-pregnant females of the age group of 16–43 years. TSH and PRL were assayed. Subjects were divided into three groups based on TSH levels, namely, low, normal, and high TSH levels and results compared.
 Statistical analysis: The comparison between different groups was done using test ANOVA. Correlation between TSH and PRL was established using Pearson’s correlation test.
 Results: Five subjects in Group-1 with low TSH values (mean 0.096±0.08 μIU/ml) had PRL 9.8±6.25 ng/dl, 186 subjects in Group-2 with normal TSH values (mean 1.98±0.94 μIU/ml) had PRL 16.58±8.78 ng/dl, and in Group-3 with high TSH values (mean 6.45±3.91 μIU/ml) had PRL 26.53±15.98 ng/dl. p value for TSH is <0.001 (significant) and for PRL also is <0.001 (significant). Positive correlation has been found in overall 221 subjects between TSH and PRL with correlation coefficient r=0.239 and p=0.01 (significant).
 Conclusion: PRL levels were higher in group with high TSH values. In most previous studies (subjects with established subclinical or overt hypothyroid), PRL was found higher with higher TSH levels. This study showed strong positive association between TSH and PRL irrespective of the thyroid status.
Highlights
Hypothyroidism a very common clinical syndrome results from thyroid hormone deficiency
PRL levels were higher in group with high thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values
In most previous studies, PRL was found higher with higher TSH levels
Summary
Hypothyroidism a very common clinical syndrome results from thyroid hormone deficiency. Hyperprolactinemia may result from different causes, namely, hypothyroidism, medication, and pituitary disorders. The thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin are under the control of central hypothalamopituitary axis. Hyperprolactinemia is a common condition encountered in hypothyroidism and infertility. This may be due to – (i) a compensatory increase in the discharge of central hypothalamic thyrotropin-releasing hormone, which results in stimulation of prolactin (PRL) secretion [3], (ii) decreased PRL elimination from the systemic circulation [3,4], (iii) decreased sensitivity to the suppressant effect of dopamine on PRL synthesis [5], and (iv) increased PRL messenger RNA levels in the presence of lower thyroid hormone levels [6]
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