Abstract
The field, petrological-mineralogical, geochemical and geochronological data of the metamorphic sole rocks recorded beneath the Fruska Gora, Povlen (Tejici), Stolovi and Banjska ophiolites in the Western Vardar Zone (WVZ) and beneath the Zlatibor, Bistrica, Sjenicki Ozren and Brezovica ophiolites in the Dinaridic ophiolite belt (DOB) in Serbia are compared. The focus has been made on metabasic rocks formed in contact with the oceanic crust members: cumulate gabbro and basalts of SSZ-type with E-MORB and OIB-signature and more evolved tholeiitic basalts of MOR-affinity. Amphibole, the major phase formed from the mafic sole components, depending on pressure-temperature conditions exhibits compositional variations. According to mineral assemblages, estimated P-T conditions and ages, the potential P-T paths are given: high pressure - low temperature blueschist facies assemblage (7-9 kbar and ~400?C and <300-350?C and 4-8 kbar), recorded only in the metamorphic sole at the Fruska Gora (WVZ); high pressure - high temperature amphibolite to granulite facies (8-10 kbar and >700-850?C), recorded in both domains, the WVZ (Banjska) and the DOB (Bistrica, Sjenicki Ozren, Brezovica) and medium pressure - medium temperature amphibolite facies assemblages (~3.5-7 kbar and >350-650?C) recognized in the WZV (Tejici, Devovici) and the DOB (Zlatibor). The peak metamorphic conditions point to depths of the oceanic lithosphere detachment and its initial cooling at 10-30 km, but the ages and tectonic setting of ophiolites remain poorly constrained. The summarized data may be used as an important key in geodynamic evolution of the Mesozoic Tethyan ophiolites.
Highlights
Numerous ultramafic sequences worldwide comprise high to medium and low grade metamorphic sole rocks formed during the overthrusting of hot lithospheric fragments in intra-oceanic settings or within orogenic belts
This study reveals the subduction of the oceanic crust of the Vardar Ocean during the Early Cretaceous time (Barremian–Aptian; 123 ± 5 Ma), probably beneath the continental crust situated northeast, which argues the existence of an eastward dipping subduction zone
Comparison of metamorphic sole rocks recorded in the Western Vardar Zone (WVZ) and the Dinaridic ophiolite belt (DOB) in Serbia offer data on the nature and emplacement of Mesozoic Tethyan ophiolites
Summary
Numerous ultramafic sequences worldwide comprise high to medium and low grade metamorphic sole rocks formed during the overthrusting of hot lithospheric fragments in intra-oceanic settings or within orogenic belts. Their presence is the clue in clarifying the nature of emplacement processes during intraoceanic subduction and post-obduction tectonic events. The size of metamorphic sole, its age, thermal evolution and peak metamorphic condition can enable a better insight into the age and thermal properties of the ophiolite sequences during their emplacement. It is of key importance in proceedings related to the ocean-realm evolution. The majority of them comprise approximately 100–250 m thick assemblage of metasediments associated with high to medium grade metabasites
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