Correlation between Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW) and Degrees of Severity in Coroner Heart Disease (CHD) Patients Based on Syntax I Score

Abstract

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common causes of death in the world. CHD is caused by the narrowing of the arteries of the heart due to a buildup of fat on the vessel walls (atherosclerosis), therefore inhibiting blood flow to organs. Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) represents the variability of red blood cell size and has been shown to correlate with the incidence of atherosclerosis. RDW is also often used to identify diseases associated with heart failure. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the level of RDW and the severity in CHD patients. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 62 patients from July to December 2020 at Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh. RDW level was obtained from the patients medical record and divided into two categories (group 1 < 13.0295 and group 2 >13.029%). Severity of CHD patients was calculated using the SYNTAX I score and divided into three categories (low, moderate, and high). The correlation between the baseline characteristics, laboratory results, RDW level, and severity of CHD was assessed statistically at a 95% confidence level. The majority of patients with CHD were men aged 56-65 years and had BMI obesity I and hypertension. Patient baseline characteristics (gender, age, body mass index, history of hypertension and diabetes) and laboratory results did not have a significant relationship with the RDW level and the severity of CHD (p>0.05). The correlation value between RDW level and severity of CHD is p=0.435 which indicated no significant relationship between them.