Correction: From sick care to healthspan: educating the longevity physician for health maintenance and health promotion.

A model for providing health maintenance and promotion to children from low-income, ethnically diverse backgrounds

Background:Health maintenance and promotion are the fundamental prerequisites to community development. The best time for establishing healthy lifestyle habits is during adolescence.Objectives:Due to importance of health promotion behaviors in adolescents, this study was conducted to investigate health-promoting behaviors and its associated factors among high school students in Rasht, Iran.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 424 students during the first semester of the year 2012. We employed the multistage sampling design to recruit from private and public high schools in Rasht, Iran. The data collection instrument was a self-report questionnaire consisting of two parts. The first part of instrument was consisted of demographic questionnaire and the second part was adolescent health promotion scale (AHPS) questionnaire. AHPS questionnaire was consisted of six dimensions (nutrition, social support, health responsibility, life appreciation, physical activity, and stress management) to measure health promoting lifestyles. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 16 software employing ANOVA (analysis of variance) test, t-test, Mann-Whitney, and the Kruskal-Wallis.Results:The score of total Adolescent Health Promotion Scale were 3.58 ± 0.52 (possible range was 1-5). The highest score was in life appreciation dimension (3.99 ± 0.068) and the lowest score was in health responsibility dimension. Moreover, Significant associations were found between the adolescent health promotion Scale with age (P < 0.001), gender (P < 0.003), school grade (P < 0.011), father’s educational level (P < 0.045), mother’s educational level (P < 0.021), and mother’s occupation (P < 0.008).Conclusions:Female and older students are at higher risk of developing unhealthy lifestyle. Consequently, healthcare providers, health instructors, schoolteachers, and families must pay more attention to these students. Moreover, as most of lifelong healthy and unhealthy lifestyle habits are established during adolescence, developing effective health promotion and disease prevention strategies for adolescents seems crucial.

Promotion of health and human functionality - 10.5020/18061230.2013.p5

Clinical Preventive Medicine in Primary Care: Background and Practice: 1. Rationale and Current Preventive Practices

Preventive Medicine: A Ready Solution for a Health Care System in Crisis

Physicians are often accused of being insufficiently interested in promotion and maintenance of good health. While there may be some truth to this charge, many physicians within the past decade have become much more acutely aware of the importance of their role as promoters of health and are seeking ways to improve their skills for serving this function. Recognizing the growing interest in this field, POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE introduces a series of articles on health promotion. In this first article, Dr Fletcher presents the rationale for health promotion by the primary care physician and provides specific how-to-do-it suggestions. Subsequent topics will include approaches to problems such as smoking cessation and stress management.—R.B.H.

Promoção de saúde e a funcionalidade humana

The central role of primary care physicians in health care management, as well as their influence on patients at the highest risk for life-style related disease, makes adequate training in office and hospital health promotion activities essential. A questionnaire adapted from one used nationally was sent to all the military training programs in internal medicine, family practice, pediatrics, and obstetrics-gynecology. The questionnaire addressed areas of content, emphasis, facilities, setting, personnel, techniques, and methods used in teaching, as well as priorities placed on health promotion in general and in specific areas. A response was obtained from all training programs (n = 59). Overall, 85 percent had set aside specific time to teach health promotion topics, and 81 percent had set aside time to teach preventive screening. Health promotion topics were incorporated by 85 percent of the programs, and preventive service topics were included in the core curriculum in 86 percent. In 63 percent of the programs residents were taught about assessment of patient motivation, but behavioral modification, relapse prevention, and self-efficacy skills were taught in less than one half of the programs (47, 37, and 34 percent, respectively). For the most part, programs stressed the traditional teaching techniques, such as discussion and lectures (93 percent and 92 percent, respectively), and rarely applied the more effective (and labor-intensive) methods of case precepting (58 percent), viewing videotaped cases (24 percent), and role-playing (5 percent). Only 41 percent of the programs had patient education materials readily available, but many (65 percent) had modified patient problem lists to include preventive or health promotion topics. Physician or patient reminders were used by only a few programs (35 percent and 17 percent, respectively), and in only 48 percent were the residents trained to use any health-screening or health risk appraisal questionnaire. Programs overwhelmingly relied on their physician staff and residents to do health promotion teaching and made little use of ancillary health care personnel who might be better trained in patient education methods. Primary care residency programs emphasize teaching health promotion and preventive services but generally have not yet developed the teaching systems to provide residents with skills training in preventive and health promotion services. Programs could enhance the clinical prevention skills of physicians completing residencies by having the physicians focus on the skills needed to teach patients self-efficacy, behavior modification, and health maintenance, by using physician and patient reminders, and by taking advantage of health care personnel trained in health education.

In this paper, we propose a technique that can be mapped to the most appropriate type of health patterns, depending on the health status of health promotion measures to establish a body mass index (BMI). When used as a mapping scheme proposed in this paper it is possible to contribute to effective healthcare and health promotion. BMI is widely used as a simple way to assess obesity because body fat increases the status and relevance. Despite normal weight determined by this and because of the social atmosphere has increased prefer the skinny tend to try to excessive weight loss. Since health can affect the health maintenance and promotion of the rest of your life, depending on whether and how much weight perception and health can be considered as very important. Therefore, this paper identifies the differences in perception and in this respect for the body mass index (BMI). And physical, mental and map the appropriate type of pattern in the relationship between body mass index (BMI) in order to facilitate the social and health conditions. Proposal to give such a mapping technique provides the opportunity to increase the efficiency of health care and health promotion.

Background Community health promotion aims to improve the living conditions in municipalities, cities, or regions to support health maintenance or promotion. Participation is a fundamental element in health promotion, as it enables community members to engage in decision-making, program development, and tailored health initiatives. This project focused on crafting a practical guide for citizen participation in community health promotion, involving experts and future users. Methods We conducted a literature review to identify existing guidelines and materials pertinent to community health promotion, with a focus on practical guidance for municipal practitioners. To delve deeper into the topic, we conducted interviews with 6 experts in the field of participation and community health promotion as well as with 6 practitioners working in “healthy municipalities” in Lower Austria. The guide was developed collaboratively, with two workshops being held to gather input on the draft concept of the guide and to prioritize topics. Moreover, experts and practitioners were involved to provide feedback on the drafted guidance document. Results Discrepancies emerged between theoretical concepts and real-life implementation of community participation. While the literature delineates up to 12 participation levels, practitioners identified three: contributing ideas, advising and co-deciding, and actively participating in planning and implementation. Informing the target group was conceptualized as a preliminary stage and basic requirement for citizen participation. Above all, practitioners sought low-key suggestions and short descriptions of methods that they could use directly in their everyday context. Conclusions Involving practitioners and potential users enhanced the accessibility and utility of the guide. Their input ensured that the guide remained practical, relevant and informative without excessive academic or theoretical abstraction. Key messages • Involving health promotion practitioners helped shaping the practical guide in a way to be most useful for the intended audience. • Experts and practitioners have different views regarding the theoretical distinctions of levels of participation in community health promotion.

Introduction: The problem of maintaining and promoting health is relevant for all working citizens, regardless of the form and conditions of their work. A decrease in the mortality rate in the working-age population is one of the priorities of the national demographic policy. Employers shall pay great attention to occupational safety, prevention of occupational injuries and diseases, and work–rest schedule. Routine behavioral practices of employees, however, play an important role in health promotion. At the same time, the form of labor activity affects their attitude to a healthy lifestyle and the respective behavior pattern. The objective of the study was to analyze current differences in behavioral practices of health maintenance and promotion between manual and non-manual workers. Methods: The article is based on the results of the social survey of 1,500 people aged 18 years and older conducted on April 18–27, 2022 in 30 regions of the Russian Federation using the method of an in-home personal interview. Result: The results of the survey revealed different behavioral practices in workers of physical and mental labor. Knowledge workers generally pay more attention to their health: they take dietary supplements and vitamins, have regular health checkup, follow basic principles of a healthy lifestyle, including systematic physical activity, a healthy diet, and rejection of bad habits. Blue-collar workers, however, raise concern as they demonstrate opposite results. Conclusions: The survey findings are of interest in terms of assessing the potential of strengthening health resources of manual and non-manual workers. Measures of health promotion and disease prevention can be more effective if they address both occupational risks and lifestyle behaviors of the workforce.

BACKGROUND: Physical activity is a first-line therapy and protects against many chronic health conditions. Primary health-care practitioners are ideally positioned to promote physical activity. Physical therapy interventions should be aimed at promotion and maintenance of health, quality of life, and fitness. There is, however, a shortage of such research evidence in Ethiopia. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to estimate the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of physical therapists toward health promotion in Arsi zone of Oromia, Southeast Ethiopia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2018 among 45 physical therapists. Data were collected using pretested, structured, and self-administered questionnaires. Participants were selected by quota sampling technique. The questionnaire was drafted specifically to test the KAP. The data were double entered and analyzed by SPSS program version 20.0. Descriptive statistics were used. The KAP were estimated using proportion. RESULTS: In the present study, the response rate was 90.0%. Ages of the respondents ranged between 24 and 87 years. Nearly 57.8% of the participants got initial physical therapy knowledge from either of their parents, 53.3% of the respondents heard about health promotion from families and friends, and 57.8% of them received health promotion at their workplace. The overall percentage of all the respondents' KAP in health promotion was 60.1%. CONCLUSIONS: The respondents' have good KAP toward health promotion. However, there is still room for improvement. In addition, there is a lack of proper guidelines in determining the impact of physical therapy.

The author of this paper tries to answer the question what kind of role the Churches of Hungary can play in the improvement of mental health, and the treatment of symptoms of a crisis that have been accumulating over a long period, in Post-Communist Hungary. The paper explicates the notion of 'the promotion of mental health', and gives a detailed description of an interdisciplinary training programme aiming at the attainment of an attitude that contributes significantly to the maintenance of mental health. The purpose of this training programme is not to help people specialise in a narrow field of work, but to enrich and broaden the practice of an existing profession, that of a pastor. The programme tries to achieve this goal by means of cooperation with related fields and utilizes a wide range of experiences of adult education in general. An integral part of the programme is the integrated activity of a small group consisting of, e.g., a pastor, a doctor, a social worker, a teacher and a lawyer. The common aim is capable of reducing considerably the inherited prejudice usually generated by differences in profession, political preferences, Weltanschauung, gender, and age. The group work enables people, who are experts on their field, to accept and appreciate each other as human beings, too. That is where a 'common language' and a culture of cooperation can evolve which are vital in making different but related professions more effective in a social context than they would be in isolation. The training programme is focused on the commonly accepted value of mental health. By means of an example taken from the practice of a pastor, the paper shows the connecting and shaping force of the notion of mental health.

It is unclear whether academic health centers are successfully addressing societal needs and expectations by preparing students with knowledge and skills in disease prevention and health promotion. The authors assessed whether students were exposed to key content in these areas and whether they felt this exposure was adequate. All components of the first three years of the Case Western Reserve University (Case) curriculum were examined in 2001 to create a curricular map, using competencies in disease prevention and health promotion identified by the Association of Teachers of Preventive Medicine (ATPM) as a template to assess the scope of instruction. Case students' United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 2 subscores in preventive medicine and health maintenance from 1994 to 2000 and graduating seniors' assessment of the adequacy of their training were compared to national data from the Association of American Medical Colleges' 2000 Graduation Questionnaire (GQ). Most content areas identified by ATPM were present in the Case curriculum and were offered frequently in a variety of educational venues over the first three years. USMLE scores increased nationally and at Case from 1994 to 2000 and Case students' perception of training adequacy in preventive medicine and health promotion was comparable to national ratings from the 2000 GQ. Broad and frequent exposure to disease prevention and health promotion core competencies has value, but may not sufficiently prepare students to deliver health-promoting services confidently. Creative curricula highlighting prevention's relevance throughout clinical practice and incorporating formal opportunities to apply knowledge and build experience may result in greater success.

Ayurveda means Science of Life. It deals with each and every aspect of life. Health in Ayurveda is conceived as union of sound body, mind, senses &amp; soul. Maintenance and promotion of health and happiness is the first objective while next is to prevention of disease and cure of sickness .Ayurveda offers wonderful tools for better lifestyle .The knowledge of Dinacharya ,Rutucharya, Swasthavritta,,Rasayana gives us a guideline for promotion of health. Trayouppasthambha i.e.Aahar (Diet), Nidra (Sleep),Bramhacharya (Sexual behavior) influences on health. Rasayanchikishta is one of the specialized branches of Ayurveda which deals with maintenance of health. According to Modalities three types of Rasayana-Achar,Draya,Aahar rasayana plays effective and safe solution for various health problems like life style disorders,dengenerative conditions etc. There are many other medicines as well as body purifications has rejuvenator properties. Acharya Charaka widely narrated the effect of specific thoughts-behavior-life style pattern (Achara rasayana) on health which helps to boost the immunity for prevention of various infection. The aim of this study to review the importance of Rasayana in promotion of health and prevention of disease. All the relevant material was compiled from various books. Research articles are also searched form various websites. All references were collected and finally conclusion was drawn.