Abstract
During the second half of embryonic development the cornea of the chick embryo loses water; at the same time its ability to transmit light increases. The partial dehydration of the cornea is a necessary condition for the development of corneal transparency. It occurs during the same period in development when the entire embryo is undergoing a relative dehydration. This dehydration begins as the thyroid gland becomes active, and is probably under the control of thyroxine. Exogenously supplied thyroxine, given prior to this time, accelerates both the dehydration of the cornea and its increase in transparency. On the other hand, 2-thiouracil, which inhibits the thyroid, slows down these changes. In untreated corneas, as well as in corneas treated with endocrine substances, the ability of the cornea to transmit light is an inverse linear function of its level of hydration.
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