Corneal aberrations and visual performance after radial keratotomy.

Abstract

Refractive surgery and videokeratography have allowed us to study the effects on visual performance of relatively large changes in corneal aberration structure induced by surgical changes in corneal shape. We quantified in one eye of nine normal and 23 radial keratotomy patients, the area under the log contrast sensitivity function (AULCSF) and corneal first surface wavefront variance for two artificial pupil sizes (3 and 7 mm). Contrast sensitivity was measured with sine-wave gratings at six spacial frequencies. Wavefront variance was derived from videokeratographs using Zernike polynomials. For normals eyes there were no significant changes over time. For eyes that had radial keratotomy, there were significant pupil size-dependent changes. For the 3 mm pupil, there were significant surgery-induced changes in the corneal wavefront variance which became large (approximately 30 times preoperative values) at 7 mm. Significant correlated changes in AULCSF for the 7 mm pupil but not for the 3 mm pupil occurred immediately following surgery and remained. Radial keratotomy, like photorefractive keratectomy, shifts the distribution of aberrations from third order dominance (coma-like aberrations) to fourth order dominance (spherical-like aberrations). Radial keratotomy-induced aberrations and loss in contrast sensitivity are reduced with increasing clear zone diameter. Radial keratotomy induces an increase in the optical aberrations of the eye and the increase for large pupils (7 mm) but not small (3 mm) is correlated to a decrease in contrast sensitivity.