Abstract
The early history of grain milling in Ireland may be briefly summarized. Mills with horizontal waterwheels were introduced in Ireland by early Christian missionaries, probably in the fifth century A.D., and were the major prime-mover until at least the sixteenth century. This form of mill has survived, in remote western areas, into the present century. The author discovered a derelict example in Co. Galway which was worked until the mid nineteen-forties (Fig. I). The Anglo-Normans probably introduced the vertical waterwheel in the twelfth century, and a windmill is referred to in 1218 at Kilscanlan, Co. Wexford.
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