Coordinated Control of PHEVs and DEGs for Frequency Control of Two Area Hybrid Microgrid: An Effective Utilization of PID Controller for Renewable Applications

Abstract

AbstractPresent Microgrid (MG) faces uncertainty from Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and loads which cause hefty frequency deviations. Apart from the control strategies for Diesel Engine Generators (DEGs) and Energy Storage Systems (ESSs), MG requires an effective and intelligent coordinate strategy between DEG and ESSs for MG frequency control. In response to this, present paper addresses a coordinated control strategy between Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) and DEGs for MG frequency control under different operating scenarios. The proposed strategy is based on Cascade PD-PI controller whose gains are tuned using Sparrow Search Optimization (SSO) algorithm. Proposed controller is tested on Two-Area MG Simulink model. MG dynamic responses are obtained by considering load and RES changes. A comparative assessment of the proposed approach with SSO and BES optimized PID controller was performed. Simulation results confirm that the proposed controller enhances frequency dynamics of MG significantly. Moreover, the proposed Cascade PD-PI approach is robust to MG and PHEV parametric uncertainties as compared to PID controller.KeywordsFrequency controlPHEVsPrimary and secondary loopsCascade PD-PI controllerCoordinated controlSparrow search algorithm