Abstract
The paper proposes a coordinated operation method of two independent storages for managing state-of-charge (SOC) and for providing ancillary service concerning frequency regulation (FR); furthermore, this article also introduces the power allocation scheme between two storages in consideration of the coverage of the frequency band for each storage along with the SOC management scheme of the supercapacitor and battery. We also provide a guideline for the storage sizing on the basis of the smoothing time constant. Additionally, we verify the advantage of the HESS in extending the lifetime of the battery, which is estimated by a real-time state-of-health (SOH) calculation method. The Bode plot of the proposed method is analyzed to observe the power spectrum coverage in the frequency domain through the case studies using PSCAD/EMTDC and MATLAB.
Highlights
The high penetration of renewable energy resources (RES) poses significant challenges to grid frequency regulation (FR) in maintaining the stability and reliability of the power system [1,2].energy storage systems (ESSs) are considered as a promising technology to provide FR service for ensuring stability by balancing the power generation and load demand [3,4,5]
We introduce the proposed FR method using the hybrid energy storage systems (HESSs) composed of the battery and SC for FR while managing the SOC level of the ESSs
The block diagram of the WT and HESS integration in the power system based on the proposed method is shown in Figure 6, and we can observe the frequency change in response to the power change such as the load change or RES power with/without the HESS
Summary
The high penetration of renewable energy resources (RES) poses significant challenges to grid frequency regulation (FR) in maintaining the stability and reliability of the power system [1,2]. Energy storage systems (ESSs) are considered as a promising technology to provide FR service for ensuring stability by balancing the power generation and load demand [3,4,5]. Energies 2020, 13, 6304 with state-of-charge (SOC) feedback (DSOF) is proposed for improving the frequency response and regulation service of multiple ESSs to a system with high wind power penetration [4]. This paper proposes an FR method using the HESS while considering SOC management based on droop control with SOC feedback (DSOF). The rest of the paper is organized as follows: In Section 2, the proposed FR method of the HESS considering SOC management using DSOF is mathematically analyzed using the transfer function and block diagram.
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