Conus peptides: novel probes for nicotinic acetylcholine receptor structure and function

Abstract

Conus is a genus of predatory marine snails that uses venom to capture prey. Among the neurotoxins widely utilized by the cone snails are the α-conotoxins which are disulfide-rich peptides that target muscle or neuronal subtypes of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. The small size and receptor subtype specificity of these peptides make them particularly useful for characterizing both native and heterologously expressed nicotinic receptors. In this report, we demonstrate that α-conotoxin MII potently blocks β3-containing neuronal nicotinic receptors. Furthermore, initial evidence suggests that subpopulations of α3β2β3-containing receptors are differentially sensitive to α-conotoxin MII. Thus, α-conotoxin MII promises to be a useful tool for studying neuronal nicotinic receptors containing the β3 subunit.