Abstract
Abstract The Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) films with polytropic surface morphology were fabricated by a modified solvent evaporation-induced precipitation method. In this novel method, the diffusion rate between solvent and non-solvent is mainly driven by the volatilization of the solvent and can be effectively controlled by covering the solvent with a non-solvent layer. In addition, inspired by the general Breath-Figure self-assembly, the controllable humidity is introduced to the system to adjust the solubility parameters of non-solvents, which avoids the instantaneous phase separation induced by direct coagulation of water droplets. The surface morphology realizes the transformation from inter-connected pores to flower-like structures by controlling polymer solution concentration and humidity. The surface water contact angle can reach to 152.1° with the combination of micro-scale flowers and nano-scale lamellar structures. Furthermore, the porosity of the prepared PLLA films can increase up to 87.5%, which greatly exceeds the 60% porosity of PLLA foam prepared by the non-solvent induced phase separation. Thus, the resultant film exhibits an excellent oil-absorption capacity even up to 17.88 g/g, which makes it has great application potential in the field of oil-water separation.
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