Abstract
Abstract The present study describes the potential of black nightshade, Solanum nigrum, to control Aeromonas hydrophila infection in spotted snakehead, Channa punctatus. Similar sizes of Ch. punctatus were grouped into three categories as follows: control (injected with sterilized water), Ae. hydrophila infected + untreated, and Ae. hydrophila infected + treated with S. nigrum leaf extract. Hematological parameters (white blood cell [WBC], red blood cell [RBC], hemoglobin [Hb], and packed cell volume [PCV]) were analyzed in these fishes once every 5 d from Days 5 to 30 postexposure. Preliminary antibacterial assay reported that leaf extracted with ethyl acetate had the maximum inhibition compared to other parts of the plant (i.e., berries and whole plant) or when extracted with other solvent extracts (chloroform and ethanol). Except for WBC count, all other parameters showed a declining trend from Day 5 onward and reaching to a minimum on Day 30 in Ae. hydrophila‐infected fish, whereas the WBC count increased. The infected fish treated with S. nigrum leaf extract reported a significant reversion to normal RBC, WBC, Hb, and PCV levels and the skin ulceration recovered within a short period. The antiulcer potential of the medicinal plant as described in humans may be extended to the fish population.
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