Abstract
Bacteria are the highest abundant microorganisms in the soil. To investigate bacteria community structures, diversity, and functions, contrasting them in four different seasons all the year round with/within two different forest type soils of China. We analyzed soil bacterial community based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing via Illumina HiSeq platform at a temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest (Baotianman, BTM) and a tropical rainforest (Jianfengling, JFL). We obtained 51,137 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and classified them into 44 phyla and 556 known genera, 18.2% of which had a relative abundance >1%. The composition in each phylum was similar between the two forest sites. Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria were the most abundant phyla in the soil samples between the two forest sites. The Shannon index did not significantly differ among the four seasons at BTM or JFL and was higher at BTM than JFL in each season. The bacteria community at both BTM and JFL showed two significant (P < 0.05) predicted functions related to carbon cycle (anoxygenic photoautotrophy sulfur oxidizing and anoxygenic photoautotrophy) and three significant (P < 0.05) predicted functions related to nitrogen cycle (nitrous denitrificaton, nitrite denitrification, and nitrous oxide denitrification). We provide the basis on how changes in bacterial community composition and diversity leading to differences in carbon and nitrogen cycles at the two forests.
Highlights
Forests are vital components of the terrestrial ecosystem
The abundance of top 10 classes had no significant difference throughout the year in each site and there was no significant difference between Baotianman Nature Reserve (BTM) and Jianfengling National Natural Reserve (JFL) in the same season either (Supplementary Data Sheet S1)
11 physicochemical properties, including soil water content (WC), T, water-filled pore space (WFPS), pH, Total carbon (TC), NO−3 -N, microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) were measured in Total nitrogen (TN), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), NH+4 -N, our study (Table 1)
Summary
Forests are vital components of the terrestrial ecosystem. In forest ecosystem, soils play an important role in mediating fundamental nutrient and energy flow patterns (Canadell and Raupach, 2008). Soil bacteria are the primary drivers of these ecological processes (Six et al, 2006; Bardgett et al, 2008). Some bacteria are associated with the production or absorption of greenhouse gases such as CO2, CH4, and N2O (Lladó et al, 2017). Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria are the most phyla in soil bacteria (Roesch et al, 2007; Lauber et al, 2009; Nemergut et al, 2010). Proteobacteria predominated in the natural hardwood forest soils, but Acidobacteria was the most abundant phylum in the secondary coniferous forest soil communities (Lin et al, 2011)
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