Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound May Aid Prostate Cancer Detection

Abstract

biochemical signaling analysis techniques will be used to measure activation of key pathways implicated in force transduction and cytoskeletal assembly. her third objective is to build statisti cal models to discover signals that contribute to metastasis across combinations of cell type and extracellular matrix ( eCm) composition. “Correlations between cell signaling and measured markers of metastasis exist and are detectable using a multivariable statistical framework,” said Peyton. “ multivariable models based on robust statistical methods will be used to relate cell type, eCm composition, and signaling nodes contributing to cell migration, proliferation, and, therefore, poor patient prognosis.” Leonid hanin, Ph.D., professor of mathematics and statistics at Idaho State university in Pocatello said he does not expect major breakthroughs from the engineering approaches to cancer, although some ideas and results may be useful. “Physical properties of cancer cells change with cell type and stage of cancer, so these differences and changes can be detected using the methods of engineering. What I like about the involvement of engineers, as well as mathematicians and physicists, in cancer studies is that they bring in an entirely different frame of thinking, which is so much different from that of biomedical scientists.” hanin said although basic cancer biol ogy and clinical oncology generated over the last several decades an enormous body of knowledge, its translational value is very small. “ most importantly , and ominously, cancer incidence and mortality for most types of cancer remain very high, and for some of them mortality continues to rise. michael Sheetz, Ph.D., director of the mechanobiology Institute of Singapore, said we can expect to see engineering and other research disciplines—besides more “traditional medicine”—tackling tough issues such as metastasis and other aspects of cancer in the future. “ the problem with most cancers is that the cells do not respond properly to the cues from the local micro environment, and therefore, cancer cells