Abstract
Two recently recognised incised valleys in the Manfredonia Gulf are described. The first (CCV) is correlated with the current Carapelle and Cervaro streams. The second (OSFV) is correlated mostly with the current Ofanto River. Six seismic facies and seven unconformity-bounded seismic units have been identified, which infilled CCV and OSFV. In CCV, during the sea-level ranges from −29 to −18 and from −18 to −4.7 m b.s.l., two barrier/spit-backbarrier systems formed in the most landward sector of the valley. The lower system was attributed to a time interval between 9.2 ka BP and ca. 8.3 ka BP, chronologically constrained by the ZS2 borehole. In OSFV, during the sea level ranges from −39 to −29, and from −29 and to −18 m b.s.l., two beach/spit-backbarrier systems, arranged in a “continuous” landward backstepping pattern, formed. The phase that contributed most to the beach/spit-backbarrier systems formation is that which is coeval with the formation of the sapropel S1 in the Mediterranean. The conservation of barrier/spit-backbarrier systems arranged in a “continuous” landward backstepping pattern, is due to a strong and continued sediment supply that occurred during the sapropel S1 formation, coupled with low-gradient settings and a regime of slow sea-level rise.
Highlights
The term coastal barrier refers to different geomorphological features at different times
4002 ± 82 recognizable within upper TST (uTST); and (5) unconformity-bounded seismic units (UBSUs) belonging to the uTST
We present the following seismic and stratigraphic data regarding the most inner part of the Manfredonia Gulf continental shelf: (1) the erosional surface that formed during the last sea-level fall, sub-aerial exposure of the shelf and erosional reworking during subsequent sea level rise; (2) the main landforms described by the erosional surface; (3) borehole and vibro-cores; (4) seismic facies recognizable within uTST; and (5) UBSUs belonging to the uTST
Summary
The term coastal barrier refers to different geomorphological features at different times. Reviewed the nomenclature and classification of coastal barriers and considered two main types:. Modern barrier islands are found worldwide, located mainly along wave-dominated coasts, and these islands were subjected to rising sea levels of the late Holocene [2]. Barrier-lagoon systems include the shoreface sector, the barrier, and the backbarrier sector, where wash-over fans and lagoons develop [1,3]. The formation of these systems is controlled by the interplay of wave energy, sediment supply, accommodation and sea-level oscillations [4,5,6]. Barriers and backbarrier-lagoons can develop when the substrate gradient is less than 0.8◦ [7]
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