Abstract
The performance of ventilation heat recovery has high impact to the total energy consumption of modern buildings and its sub-optimal performance results in a remarkable energy penalty. There are several issues, which can significantly affect the heat recovery efficiency such as the inaccuracy of sensors, errors in control systems, mechanical defects and incorrect setting of the system. In addition, the direct comparison of the designed and measured heat recovery efficiency is not necessarily meaningful due to varying boundary conditions e.g. mass flow rates. The main focus of this paper is to develop and demonstrate a simple automated method for monitoring the heat recovery efficiency of ventilation units using building monitoring system (BMS). As the supply and extract air mass flows and temperatures may differ from the calculated initial design parameters, the proposed solution is to analyse the heat recovery efficiency using the number of transfer unit (NTU) method. With this method the efficiency is always calculated by the limiting mass flow, meaning that the warm exhaust air can not transfer more energy to the cold supply air than it is able to contain. As a result, the NTU method gives us the possibility to continuously compare the result to the temperature efficiency declared by the producer of the unit. The developed method demonstrated that the application of NTU method enables identifying sub-optimal performance of ventilation heat recovery, which would not have been revealed by direct comparison of temperature efficiencies. In some cases, low measured temperature efficiency was associated with problems not connected to the heat recovery heat exchanger. The method also enabled to estimate the additional heating costs due to the decreased heat recovery efficiency.
Highlights
The performance of ventilation heat recovery (HR) has high impact to the total energy consumption of modern buildings [1]
The most common way to recover the heat in ventilation systems is using the passive heat recovery systems which mainly include flat plate heat exchangers, heat pipe exchangers, run around heat exchangers and rotary wheel heat exchangers [2]
Modern highefficiency heat recovery systems that ensure the temperature efficiency above 85% cover the significant part of the heating energy demand of the ventilation systems [5]
Summary
The performance of ventilation heat recovery (HR) has high impact to the total energy consumption of modern buildings [1]. Modern highefficiency heat recovery systems that ensure the temperature efficiency above 85% cover the significant part of the heating energy demand of the ventilation systems [5]. It means that the correct design and accurate operation of the heat exchanger of the air handling unit (AHU) plays the most important role in optimizing the energy consumption [6]. Misevičiūtė et al have even stated that the importance of ventilation heat exchangers has increased to the level where the classical methods used in heat exchanger design and
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