Abstract
This chapter discusses the transverse patterns in wide-aperture nonlinear optical systems, problem of small-scale self-focusing (filamentation or modulational instability) for one and two plane waves, and different types of stable filaments, spatial solitons, whose formation and interaction determine the final form of the filamentation in the wide-aperture system. The chapter examines the different types of spatial patterns that are inherent in systems with feedback. Nonlinear schemes with feedback are characterized by the phenomenon of bistability or multistability. The basic spatiotemporal structures are switching waves that determine the kinetics of switching in spatially distributed nonlinear systems. Filamentation instability is not needed for their formation; hence they can be generated only by a sufficiently large initial perturbation. The examples are switching waves and diffractive autosolitons.
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