Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the scientific evidence available on the factors and implications related to the use of psychoactive substances by nursing workers. Method: an integrative review, which had the following as selection criteria: primary studies, published between 2008 and 2017, without language restrictions and that included aspects related to the consumption of psychoactive substances by nursing professionals. The bibliographic survey was carried out in the months of September and October 2018, in the following databases: CINAHL, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Web of Science and LILACS, BDENF and IBECS via the Virtual Health Library. Results: a total of 14 articles were analyzed, with predominance of cross-sectional (28.57%), qualitative descriptive (28.57%), and quantitative descriptive (14.28%) studies, with significant samples ranging from 12 to 33,588 nursing professionals, and with 2C level of evidence (100.00%). The synthesis of knowledge was formulated in two categories: Predisposing factors for the consumption of psychoactive substances by nursing workers; and Implications of the use of psychoactive substances in personal life and in the quality of nursing care. Conclusion: the evidence found shows that the use of psychoactive substances represented a reality present in the daily lives of nursing workers and the close relationship with the working conditions represented the main associated factor, with the work environment being the major influencer for consumption.
Highlights
Work is understood as an essential activity for human survival and is related to the objective and subjective needs of the worker
The relationships that are established between work and its conditions can interfere with the health of the nursing workers, since they directly influence the onset and/or development of diseases due to the risk situations that expose their lives to various health problems
Among the 14 productions included, there was predominance of studies indexed in the CINAHL (50.00%), SCOPUS (21.42%) and BDENF (14.20%) databases and published in Portuguese (64.28%), English (28.57%) and Spanish (7.14%)
Summary
Work is understood as an essential activity for human survival and is related to the objective and subjective needs of the worker. It is one of the forms of personal and social growth of man, helping to create bonds and to experience pleasure. The working conditions of the nursing team, especially in hospitals, have been considered improper, becoming health risk generators, forming a set of problems that encompasses inadequate remuneration, accumulation of service schedules, increase in the continuous workload in shifts, and tensiogenic characteristics of the health services, both by the nature of the care provided to people at risk, and by the social division of work.[5,6]
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