Abstract
Worldwide, sepsis is a serious health threat and is among the leading cause of death in patients admitted into Intensive Care Units in hospitals across Nigeria and northeastern Nigeria, in particular. Patients of all sexes and ages are affected. However, the vulnerable groups such as extremes of ages (neonates and elderly), pregnant women, the immune-compromised, and those with underlying chronic medical conditions are more at risk.
Highlights
Over the years, the management of sepsis has evolved due to better understanding of the pathophysiology, etiology and clinical course of the disease
Sepsis is a serious health threat and is among the leading cause of death in patients admitted into Intensive Care Units in hospitals across Nigeria and northeastern Nigeria, in particular
In 1991, the sepsis-1 consensus was developed based on the severe inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria
Summary
The management of sepsis has evolved due to better understanding of the pathophysiology, etiology and clinical course of the disease. The consensus reached focused on early recognition of sepsis and initiating early management which is the mainstay in ensuring survival and reducing the financial burden on patients and the health system. Organ dysfunction includes systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 90 mmHg or mean arterial pressure < 65 mmHg or serum lactate > 2.0 mmol/L after initial fluid challenge, urine output < 0.5 ml/kg/hr for 2 hours, creatinine > 177 μmol/l, platelets < 100 × 109, SPO2 < 90% on room air, Bilirubin > 34 μmol/L, International normalized ratio (INR) > 1.5 or a PTT > 60 seconds.
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