Abstract
The Eurasia Tunnel, the first bored tunnel crossing of the Istanbul Strait (Bosphorus) in Istanbul, Turkey, is a site that presents many unique challenges, including very poor ground conditions, unusually high water pressures, and severe seismic demands. Although this historic waterway separating Europe from Asia has been spanned by three bridges and crossed by an immersed tube railway tunnel, the Eurasia Tunnel is the first bored tunnel across the strait, and the first roadway tunnel crossing.
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